Recombinant Human C-C Motif Chemokine 16 Protein (CCL16), Active

Name: Recombinant Human C-C Motif Chemokine 16 Protein (CCL16), Active
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-05539P
Availability: InStock

Collections: Chemokines and receptors, Cytokines, Cytokines and growth factors, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human C-C Motif Chemokine 16 Protein (CCL16), Active is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 97% as determined by SDS-PAGE and HPLC.
Endotoxin	Less than 1.0 EU/μg as determined by LAL method.
Activity	Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The biological activity determined by a chemotaxis bioassay using human monocytes is in a concentration range of 10-100 ng/ml.
Uniprotkb	O15467
Target Symbol	CCL16
Synonyms	C-C motif chemokine 16; CCL16; CCL16_HUMAN; Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 16; Chemokine CC-4; Chemokine LEC; CKb12; HCC-4; HCC4; IL-10-inducible chemokine; IL10 inducible chemokine; IL10 inducible chemokine; ILINCK; LCC-1; LCC1; Liver CC chemokine 1 precursor; Liver expressed chemokine; Liver-expressed chemokine; LMC; Lymphocyte and monocyte chemoattractant; Monotactin 1; Monotactin-1; MTN-1; Mtn1; NCC-4; NCC4; New CC chemokine 4; SCYA16; SCYL4; Small inducible cytokine A16 precursor; Small inducible cytokine A16 precursor; Small inducible cytokine subfamily A (Cys Cys) member 16; Small-inducible cytokine A16
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	Tag-Free
Complete Sequence	QPKVPEWVNT PSTCCLKYYE KVLPRRLVVG YRKALNCHLP AIIFVTKRNR EVCTNPNDDW VQEYIKDPNL PLLPTRNLST VKIITAKNGQ PQLLNSQ
Expression Range	24-120aa
Protein Length	Full Length of Mature Protein
Mol. Weight	11.2 kDa
Research Area	Immunology
Form	Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered PBS, pH 7.4
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Shows chemotactic activity for lymphocytes and monocytes but not neutrophils. Also shows potent myelosuppressive activity, suppresses proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells. Recombinant SCYA16 shows chemotactic activity for monocytes and THP-1 monocytes, but not for resting lymphocytes and neutrophils. Induces a calcium flux in THP-1 cells that were desensitized by prior expression to RANTES.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	Intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family
Database References	HGNC: 10614 OMIM: 601394 KEGG: hsa:6360 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000293275 UniGene: Hs.10458
Tissue Specificity	Mainly expressed in liver, also found in spleen and thymus. Highly expressed in LPS- and IFN-gamma-activated monocytes, weakly in some lymphocytes, including natural killer cells, gamma-delta T-cells, and some T-cell clones.

Gene Functions References

Overexpression of miR-1247 may alleviate LPS-induced A549 cell injury through targeting CCL16. PMID: 29768218
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) located in and around the C-C motif chemokine ligand 16 (CCL16) gene are associated with CCL16 protein levels in blood plasma, and rs80329614 is the SNP most strongly associated with CCL16 protein levels in plasma. PMID: 27357396
High umbilical artery CCL16 is prominently detected in preterm preeclamptic pregnancies with severe growth restriction. PMID: 22857868
Data show that CCL-16 gene expression was upregulated by 7.46-fold in IBS patients when compared with controls and suggest a subclinical inflammatory component underlying IBS. PMID: 21951809
Low umbilical cord blood chemokine CCL16 associates with spontaneous preterm birth PMID: 21288736
Recombinant CCL16 significantly enhances the effector and the antigen-presenting function of macrophages and augments T cell lytic activity. PMID: 14525962
An adenoviral vector encoding human CCL16 injected into mice with pre-established mammary carcinoma induces strong antitumor response; when given before surgical excision of primary lesions, the treatment prevents metastatic spread and cures 63% of mice. PMID: 15034014
CCL16 induced efficient migratory responses in human and mouse eosinophils. CCL16 is a novel functional ligand for H4 and may have a role in trafficking of eosinophils. PMID: 15265943
CC chemokine-4 (HCC-4)/CCL16 transduces signals differently from other CCR1-dependent chemokines and may play different roles in the immune response. PMID: 16226254
Elevated concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with eosinophilic pneumonia PMID: 19494526

FAQs

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.