Recombinant Human CCL16 Protein

Name: Recombinant Human CCL16 Protein
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-1789NP
Availability: InStock

Collections: Chemokines and receptors, Cytokines, Cytokines and growth factors, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human C-C Motif Chemokine 16 is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Gln24-Gln120 is expressed.
Accession	O15467
Synonym	C-C Motif Chemokine 16; Chemokine CC-4; HCC-4; Chemokine LEC; IL-10-Inducible Chemokine; LCC-1; Liver-Expressed Chemokine; Lymphocyte and Monocyte Chemoattractant; LMC; Monotactin-1; MTN-1; NCC-4; Small-Inducible Cytokine A16; CCL16; ILINCK; NCC4; SCYA16
Gene Background	CCL16 is a member of CC chemokine family. CCL16 cDNA encodes a 120 amino acid peptide along with a 23 amino acids signal peptide that is cleaved to generate 97 amino acid protein. CCL16 is distantly related to other CC chemokines, showing less than 30% sequence identity. CCL16 elicits its effects on cells by interacting with cell surface chemokine receptors such as CCR1, CCR2, CCR5 and CCR8. Recombinant CCL16 has been shown to chemoattract human monocytes and THP1 cells but not resting lymphocytes nor neutrophils. CCL16 has potent myelosuppressive activity, suppresses proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells. CCL16ninduces a calcium flux in THP1 cells that can be desensitized by prior exposure to RANTES, suggesting that CCL16 and RANTES share the same receptor in THP1 cells.
Molecular Mass	11 KDa
Apmol Mass	14 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM PB, 150mM NaCl, pH 7.4.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting.It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml.Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water.Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt.Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days.Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature.Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Shows chemotactic activity for lymphocytes and monocytes but not neutrophils. Also shows potent myelosuppressive activity, suppresses proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells. Recombinant SCYA16 shows chemotactic activity for monocytes and THP-1 monocytes, but not for resting lymphocytes and neutrophils. Induces a calcium flux in THP-1 cells that were desensitized by prior expression to RANTES.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	Intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family
Database References	HGNC: 10614 OMIM: 601394 KEGG: hsa:6360 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000293275 UniGene: Hs.10458
Tissue Specificity	Mainly expressed in liver, also found in spleen and thymus. Highly expressed in LPS- and IFN-gamma-activated monocytes, weakly in some lymphocytes, including natural killer cells, gamma-delta T-cells, and some T-cell clones.

Gene Functions References

Overexpression of miR-1247 may alleviate LPS-induced A549 cell injury through targeting CCL16. PMID: 29768218
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) located in and around the C-C motif chemokine ligand 16 (CCL16) gene are associated with CCL16 protein levels in blood plasma, and rs80329614 is the SNP most strongly associated with CCL16 protein levels in plasma. PMID: 27357396
High umbilical artery CCL16 is prominently detected in preterm preeclamptic pregnancies with severe growth restriction. PMID: 22857868
Data show that CCL-16 gene expression was upregulated by 7.46-fold in IBS patients when compared with controls and suggest a subclinical inflammatory component underlying IBS. PMID: 21951809
Low umbilical cord blood chemokine CCL16 associates with spontaneous preterm birth PMID: 21288736
Recombinant CCL16 significantly enhances the effector and the antigen-presenting function of macrophages and augments T cell lytic activity. PMID: 14525962
An adenoviral vector encoding human CCL16 injected into mice with pre-established mammary carcinoma induces strong antitumor response; when given before surgical excision of primary lesions, the treatment prevents metastatic spread and cures 63% of mice. PMID: 15034014
CCL16 induced efficient migratory responses in human and mouse eosinophils. CCL16 is a novel functional ligand for H4 and may have a role in trafficking of eosinophils. PMID: 15265943
CC chemokine-4 (HCC-4)/CCL16 transduces signals differently from other CCR1-dependent chemokines and may play different roles in the immune response. PMID: 16226254
Elevated concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with eosinophilic pneumonia PMID: 19494526

FAQs

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.