Recombinant Human CCL28 Protein

Name: Recombinant Human CCL28 Protein
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-1798NP
Availability: InStock

BL-1798NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: Chemokines and receptors, Cytokines, Cytokines and growth factors, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human C-C Motif Chemokine 28 is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Ser20-Tyr127 is expressed.
Accession	Q9NRJ3
Synonym	C-C Motif Chemokine 28; Mucosae-Associated Epithelial Chemokine; MEC; Protein CCK1; Small-Inducible Cytokine A28; CCL28; SCYA28
Gene Background	Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 28 (CCL28) is a novel chemokine that shares the most homology with CCL27/CTACK. CCL28 shows chemotactic activity for resting CD4, CD8 T-cells and eosinophils. It Binds to CCR3 and CCR10 and induces calcium mobilization in a dose-dependent manner. CCR10 (GPR2 orphan receptor) is also the receptor for CCL27/CTACK. CCL28 is preferentially expressed by epithelial cells of diverse tissues, with highest expression level in normal and pathological colon. It is also expressed in normal and asthmatic lung tissues. Human and mouse CCL28 shares 83% sequence identity in their mature regions.
Molecular Mass	12.49 KDa
Apmol Mass	15 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting.It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml.Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water.Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt.Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days.Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature.Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Chemotactic activity for resting CD4, CD8 T-cells and eosinophils. Binds to CCR3 and CCR10 and induces calcium mobilization in a dose-dependent manner.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	Intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family
Database References	HGNC: 17700 OMIM: 605240 KEGG: hsa:56477 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000354416 UniGene: Hs.656904
Tissue Specificity	Preferentially expressed by epithelial cells of diverse tissues including normal and pathological colon, salivary gland, mammary gland, trachea and rectum. Also found in prostate, spleen, thyroid, psoriasis skin and in lower levels in peripheral blood leu

Gene Functions References

this review discusses the role of CCL28 in innate and adaptive immunity PMID: 28843907
Results show that CCL28 expression was up-regulated under hypoxic condition in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Besides other effects on tumor biology such as immunosuppression, CCL28 could promote angiogenesis in lung adenocarcinoma by directly activating its receptor, CCR3, on microvascular endothelial cells. PMID: 27250766
our results show for the first time that CCL28 contributes to breast cancer progression through the ERK/MAPKmediated anti-apoptotic and metastatic signaling pathway. Antagonists of CCL28 and the MAPK signaling pathway may be used synergistically to treat breast cancer patients. PMID: 28713975
HCC recruits Tregs to promote angiogenesis under hypoxic condition by upregulating CCL28 expression. These findings establish a link between Tregs and hypoxia in HCC growth and may provide a new potential therapeutic target for treating HCC. PMID: 27716621
CCL28 was absent in saliva of primary Sjogren's syndrome patients. This finding did not correlate with salivary IgA levels. PMID: 25567740
disease severity of atopic dermatitis in children is not correlated to the level of CCL28, but rather related to that of total IgE PMID: 26642722
CCL28-CCR3 interactions are involved in the homeostatic trafficking of CD4(+) T cells to the upper airways. PMID: 24917456
High CCL28 gene methylation is associated with gastric tumor aggressiveness. PMID: 25740824
CCL28 is a potent growth-promoting factor with the ability to support the in vitro and in vivo functional properties of cultured human hematopoietic cells. PMID: 23509159
These results indicate a role for IL-17A in the human lung by enhancing the expression of CCL28 and hence driving the recruitment of IgE-secreting B cells. PMID: 21447959
tumour hypoxia promotes the recruitment of regulatory T (T(reg)) cells through induction of expression of the chemokine CC-chemokine ligand 28 (CCL28), which, in turn, promotes tumour tolerance and angiogenesis PMID: 21753853
CCL28 may play dual roles in mucosal immunity as a chemoattractant for cells expressing CCR10 and/or CCR3 such as plasma cells and also as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial protein secreted into low-salt body fluids. PMID: 12538707
CCR10 and its mucosal epithelial ligand CCL28 have roles in the migration of circulating IgA plasmablasts PMID: 12671049
CCL28 produced by keratinocytes is mediated by different signal pathways from CCL27, and both CCL27 and CCL28 are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases. PMID: 16433680
CCL28 is one link between microbial insult and the exacerbation of pathologies such as asthma, through an NFkappaB-dependent mechanism PMID: 16581045
Expression of CCL28 by epithelial cells from chronically inflamed liver in response to microbial products or interleukin-1 provides a signal to localize CCR10-expressing regulatory T cells at mucosal surfaces. PMID: 16785557
CCL28 mediates mucosal immunity in HIV exposure and infection PMID: 17912348
These studies are the first to show increased CCL28 production during gastrointestinal infection in humans and provide an explanation for the large influx of IgA-secreting cells to the gastric mucosa in H. pylori-infected individuals. PMID: 18426876
There was a robust migration of specific IgA- and IgM-antibody-secreting cells induced by Salmonella vaccination toward the mucosal chemokines CCL25 and CCL28 PMID: 19003934
data reinforce concept that CCL28 may contribute to the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis probably through selective migration & infiltration of effector/memory T-helper-2 cells in the skin; CCL28 may represent a prognostic marker for disease severity PMID: 19659860

FAQs

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.