Recombinant Human EphA2 Protein (aa 585-976, His & GST Tag)

Name: Recombinant Human EphA2 Protein (aa 585-976, His & GST Tag)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLPSN-1797
Availability: InStock

Collections: Enzymes, Kinase, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Tag	His&GST
Host Species	Human
Accession	P29317
Synonym	ARCC2, CTPA, CTPP1, CTRCT6, ECK
Background	Eph receptor A2 (Ephrin type-A receptor 2 or EphA2) is a member of the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. The Eph receptors' corresponding family of ligands are the ephrins anchored to cell surfaces. The ephrins and Eph receptors are implicated as positional labels that may guide the development of neural topographic maps. They have also been found implicated in embryonic patterning, neuronal targeting, vascular development and adult neovascularization. The large family of ligands and receptors may make a major contribution to the accurate spatial patterning of connections and cell position in the nervous system. Furthermore, elevated expression of Eph receptors and ephrin ligands is associated with tumors and associated tumor vasculature, suggesting the Eph receptors and ephrin ligands also play critical roles in tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth. Unlike most Eph kinases, which are primarily expressed during development, EphA2 is primarily found in adult human epithelial cells. The cellular functions of EphA2 may be regulating cell growth, survival, migration, and angiogenesis.Unlike other receptor tyrosine kinases, ligand binding is not necessary for EphA2. Rather, the ligand appears to regulate EphA2 subcellular localization and its interactions with downstream adapter and signaling proteins. Eph receptor A2(EphA2) has been demonstrated to critically regulate tumor cell growth, migration and invasiveness. Eph receptor A2(EphA2) is frequently overexpressed and functionally altered in aggressive tumor cells, and that these changes promote metastatic character.
Description	A DNA sequence encoding the human EPHA2 (P29317) (Leu585-Ile976) was fused with the N-terminal His-tagged GST tag at the N-terminus.
Source	Baculovirus-Insect Cells
Predicted N Terminal	Met
AA Sequence	Leu585-Ile976
Molecular Weight	The recombinant human EPHA2 /GST chimera consists of 629 a.a. and has a calculated molecular mass of 72.1 kDa. The recombinant protein migrates as an approximately 62 kDa band in SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Purity	>95% as determined by SDS-PAGE
Endotoxin	< 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method
Bioactivity	The specific activity was determined to be 50 nmol/min/mg using Poly(Glu:Tyr) 4:1 as substrate.
Formulation	Supplied as sterile 20mM Tris, 500mM NaCl, 3mM DTT, pH 8.5, 10% gly.
Stability	The recombinant proteins are stable for up to 1 year from date of receipt at -70°C.
Usage	For Research Use Only
Storage	Store the protein under sterile conditions at -20°C to -80°C. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Target Details

Target Function	Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously membrane-bound ephrin-A family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Activated by the ligand ephrin-A1/EFNA1 regulates migration, integrin-mediated adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of cells. Regulates cell adhesion and differentiation through DSG1/desmoglein-1 and inhibition of the ERK1/ERK2 (MAPK3/MAPK1, respectively) signaling pathway. May also participate in UV radiation-induced apoptosis and have a ligand-independent stimulatory effect on chemotactic cell migration. During development, may function in distinctive aspects of pattern formation and subsequently in development of several fetal tissues. Involved for instance in angiogenesis, in early hindbrain development and epithelial proliferation and branching morphogenesis during mammary gland development. Engaged by the ligand ephrin-A5/EFNA5 may regulate lens fiber cells shape and interactions and be important for lens transparency development and maintenance. With ephrin-A2/EFNA2 may play a role in bone remodeling through regulation of osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis.; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) in hepatocytes and facilitates its cell entry. Mediates HCV entry by promoting the formation of the CD81-CLDN1 receptor complexes that are essential for HCV entry and by enhancing membrane fusion of cells expressing HCV envelope glycoproteins.
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cell projection, ruffle membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cell projection, lamellipodium membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cell junction, focal adhesion.
Protein Families	Protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, Ephrin receptor subfamily
Database References	HGNC: 3386 OMIM: 116600 KEGG: hsa:1969 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000351209 UniGene: Hs.171596
Associated Diseases	Cataract 6, multiple types (CTRCT6)
Tissue Specificity	Expressed in brain and glioma tissue and glioma cell lines (at protein level). Expressed most highly in tissues that contain a high proportion of epithelial cells, e.g. skin, intestine, lung, and ovary.

Gene Functions References

Binding of Candida albicans to ephrin type-A receptor 2 (EphA2) on oral epithelial cells activates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling, and is required for induction of a proinflammatory and antifungal response. EphA2 (-/-) mice have impaired inflammatory responses and reduced interleukin-17 signalling during oropharyngeal candidiasis. PMID: 29133884
EphA2 has a role in extracellular vesicle secretion from senescent cells that promote cancer cell proliferation PMID: 28585531
Combination of polymorphisms in the NOD2, IL17RA, EPHA2 and KALRN genes could play a significant role in the development of sarcoidosis by maintaining a chronic pro-inflammatory status in macrophages PMID: 29554915
Phosphorylation of RCP at Ser(435) by Lemur tyrosine kinase-3 (LMTK3) and of EphA2 at Ser(897) by Akt are both necessary to promote Rab14-dependent (and Rab11-independent) trafficking of EphA2 which generates cell:cell repulsion events that drive tumour cells apart. PMID: 28294115
EphA2 SAM domain inhibits kinase activity by reducing receptor oligomerization. PMID: 28338017
miR-141 inhibits glioma neovascularization by controlling EphA2 expression. PMID: 29901110
when overexpressed, EphA2 induces ERK activation through its tyrosine kinase activity, leading to S897 phosphorylation and promotion of glioblastoma cell proliferation. PMID: 29626472
findings suggested inhibition of HDACs-EphA2 signaling axis with WW437 alone or in combination with other agents may be a promising therapeutic strategy for advanced breast cancer. PMID: 29759486
High EPHA2 expression is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer. PMID: 29273006
Ligand-independent activation of EphA2 was triggered by VEGF released from CAF-CM. PMID: 29948146
EphA2-mediates glutaminolysis through YAP/TAZ activation in HER2-positive breast cancer and may serve as potential therapeutic targets in patients. PMID: 29208682
Data indicate a promising role for EPH receptor A2 (EPHA2) as a target in antibody treatments for melanoma. PMID: 29848674
These observations demonstrate that EphA2 affects the sensitivity to oxaliplatin by inducing EMT in oxaliplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells. PMID: 28624791
High erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor A (EphA) 1, 2, and 4 expression levels were significantly related to recurrence. PMID: 29491103
the dimer structures of human EphA2 receptor depend on the lipid environment, which we show is linked to the location of the structural motifs in the dimer interface, thereby establishing that both sequence and membrane composition modulate the complete energy landscape of membrane-bound proteins. PMID: 27559086
data suggest that novel germ-line (blood) and somatic (lens) coding SNVs in EPHA2 that are predicted to be functionally deleterious occur in adults over 50 years of age PMID: 29267365
The YSA peptide stabilizes the EphA2 dimer. PMID: 27281300
A 3D structural model of a mutant with a novel 39-AA polypeptide at the C-terminus had partial disorder in the acquired C-terminal tail and a few residues making an alpha-helix and 2 short beta-strands. 2 peptides comprising the whole C-terminus and its predicted helical region, respectively, did not interact with EphA2-Sam or Ship2-Sam. The C-terminus should not wrap the EphA2-Sam End-Helix interface or affect Sam dom... PMID: 28602916
EphA2 expression is enriched in the basal-like breast cancer molecular subtype and correlates with poor recurrence-free survival in human triple-negative breast cancers PMID: 28581527
The SAM domain inhibits EphA2-ligands interactions in the plasma membrane. PMID: 27776928
These findings show that radiation induces S897 EphA2 phosphorylation, an event associated with increased cell survival. Therefore, targeting pathways that mediate EphA2 S897 phosphorylation may be a beneficial strategy to reduce radioresistance. PMID: 28705041
Our findings broaden the spectrum of causative mutations in EPHA2 gene for congenital cataract and suggest that WES is an efficient strategy to scan variants in known causative genes for genetically heterogeneous diseases. PMID: 27380975
Afadin (AFDN), a cytoskeletal and junction-associated protein, was present in 2D and 3D keratinocyte cultures, and validated as a so-far-unknown EphA2-interacting protein. PMID: 27815408
EphA2, a member of the large family of Ephrin receptor tyrosine kinases, is a functional signaling receptor for progranulin. PMID: 27903606
both EphA2 and EphB4 show potential as target for image-guided colorectal cancer surgery, but EphB4 seems to have the best characteristics with respect to tumor/normal mucosa distribution PMID: 28165374
EphA2 is a key downstream target of the MEK/ERK/RSK signaling pathway in the regulation of glioblastoma cell proliferation. PMID: 27132626
possible involvement of membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase processing of erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor-2in invasiveness of cutaneous cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma PMID: 27056569
cells with Lipoplatin. The combined effects of siRNA-EphA2 and Lipoplatin were determined. We report that silencing EphA2 significantly enhanced the cellular sensitivity of lung tumor and MPM cells to Lipoplatin and maybe a potential therapy for lung cancer. PMID: 27438907
Data show that the EphA2 ectodomain harbors a membrane-binding motif in the FN2 domain which preferentially interacts with anionic lipids. PMID: 26724997
Data show that microRNA miR-141 is down-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and it is negatively correlated with erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor A2 (EphA2) expression. PMID: 27412940
Nuclear expression of EphA2 in this series of large tumours was significantly associated with an increased rate of metastasis. On the other hand, cytoplasmic localisation was associated with a better prognosis. As there was no correlation between EphA2 expression and angiogenesis, the mature vasculature or VM, EphA2 appears to become less important in the advanced stages of the disease. PMID: 26854480
These data suggest that miR-26b enhances the radiosensitivity of 97H hepatocellular cancer cells by targeting EphA2 protein. PMID: 26843134
EphA2 protein may be used as a new marker for the prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. PMID: 26722543
Mis-localization of two of the mutant proteins in epithelial cells suggests that some disease-causing mutations in EPHA2 likely affect lens epithelial cell homeostasis and contribute to cataract. PMID: 26900323
EphA2 Expression Is a Key Driver of Migration and Invasion and a Poor Prognostic Marker in Colorectal Cancer PMID: 26283684
Based on these findings we propose that EphA2 promotes cell adhesion by an unknown signaling pathway that largely depends on the extracellular region of EphA2 and the activation of outside-in integrin signaling PMID: 26565750
The present study does not support a major role of EphA2 in cataractogenesis in an Estonian population. PMID: 24673449
Overexpression of Ephrin A2 receptor in cancer stromal cells is a prognostic factor for the relapse of gastric cancer. PMID: 24908114
Role for EPHA2 in the maintenance of cell survival of TKI-resistant, EGFR-mutant lung cancer and indicate that EPHA2 may serve as a useful therapeutic target in TKI-resistant tumors. PMID: 26744526
Overexpression of miR-26b dramatically inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting EphA2. PMID: 26191168
EphA2/FAK/RhoA signaling pathway plays a critical role in the malignant cellular behavior of renal cell carcinoma PMID: 26177500
EphA2 forms dimers in the plasma membrane of HEK293T cells in the absence of ephrin ligand binding, suggesting that the current seeding mechanism model of EphA2 activation is incomplete. PMID: 26363067
peptide fragments of Odin-Sam1 interacting with EphA2-Sam PMID: 26120079
we show that EphA2 is an undiscovered important surface and intracellular signaling receptor that is crucial for chlamydial infection and development. PMID: 25906164
SLAP controls SRC/EPHA2/AKT signalling via destabilization of the SRC substrate and receptor tyrosine kinase EPHA2 PMID: 24457997
Ligand-independent EPHA2 signaling drives the adoption of a targeted therapy-mediated metastatic melanoma phenotype PMID: 25542447
EPHA2 is a mediator of vemurafenib resistance and a novel therapeutic target in melanoma PMID: 25542448
EPHA2 expression is correlated with poor survival specifically in basal-like breast cancer and its expression is repressed by miR-200a through direct interaction with the 3'UTR of EPHA2. PMID: 26088362
Data show that ligand-binding domain of receptor tyrosine kinase EphA2 is cleaved frequently by the membrane metalloproteinase MT1-MMP. PMID: 26130649
Results show that MiR-26a is overexpressed in patients with atherosclerosis and its role in the disease is mediated by its target EphA2 via a mechanism involving the p38 MAPK/VEGF pathway. PMID: 25613580

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