Recombinant Human IL36A Protein

Name: Recombinant Human IL36A Protein
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-1674SG
Availability: InStock

Collections: Cytokines and growth factors, Interleukins and receptors, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Tag	N/A
Host Species	Human
Accession	Q9UHA7
Background	IL-1 epsilon is an actively secreted member of the IL-1 family of cytokines. It is mainly expressed in tissues with epithelial cells and in psoriatic plaques, as well as by monocytes, B cells and T cells. IL-1 epsilon has been shown to signal through the IL-Rrp2 receptor which is primarily expressed on certain denditic cells, and to act as an agonist of NF-kappaB which then stimulates the inflammatory response in bronchial epithelial cells.
Description	Recombinant Human IL36A was produced in E. coli. This protein is purified with our unique purification methods.
Source	E.coli
Molecular Weight	17.4 kDa
Purity	For specific purity information on a given lot, see related COA.
Endotoxin	< 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method
Formulation	Recombinant protein is supplied in 50mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 50mM NaCl, 10mM Glutathione, 0.25mM DTT, 0.1mM EDTA, 0.1mM PMSF and 25% glycerol.
Stability	The recombinant protein is stable for up to 12 months at -70°C
Usage	For Research Use Only
Storage	Recombinant Human IL36A Protein should be stored should be stored at < -70°C. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Target Details

Target Function	Cytokine that binds to and signals through the IL1RL2/IL-36R receptor which in turn activates NF-kappa-B and MAPK signaling pathways in target cells linked to a pro-inflammatory response. Part of the IL-36 signaling system that is thought to be present in epithelial barriers and to take part in local inflammatory response; similar to the IL-1 system with which it shares the coreceptor IL1RAP. Seems to be involved in skin inflammatory response by acting on keratinocytes, dendritic cells and indirectly on T-cells to drive tissue infiltration, cell maturation and cell proliferation. In cultured keratinocytes induces the expression of macrophage, T-cell, and neutrophil chemokines, such as CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL2, CCL17, CCL22, CL20, CCL5, CCL2, CCL17, CCL22, CXCL8, CCL20 and CXCL1, and the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-8 and IL-6. In cultured monocytes upregulates expression of IL-1A, IL-1B and IL-6. In myeloid dendritic cells involved in cell maturation by upregulating surface expression of CD83, CD86 and HLA-DR. In monocyte-derived dendritic cells facilitates dendritic cell maturation and drives T-cell proliferation. May play a role in proinflammatory effects in the lung.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm. Secreted.
Protein Families	IL-1 family
Database References	HGNC: 15562 OMIM: 605509 KEGG: hsa:27179 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000259211 UniGene: Hs.278910
Tissue Specificity	Expressed in immune system and fetal brain, but not in other tissues tested or in multiple hematopoietic cell lines. Predominantly expressed in skin keratinocytes but not in fibroblasts, endothelial cells or melanocytes. Increased in lesional psoriasis sk

Gene Functions References

serum IL-36alpha levels were higher in active systemic lupus erythematosus patients and correlated with disease activity and arthritis PMID: 29571080
Data suggest that interleukin-36alpha (IL-36alpha) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of inflammation and fibrosis in the pancreas via an autocrine function. PMID: 28099250
The data identify a novel role for IL-36 signaling in colonic inflammation and indicate that the IL-36R pathway may represent a novel target for therapeutic intervention. PMID: 26813344
IL-36a was displayed to be able to suppress the growth of epithelial ovarian cancer cells in our setting, which is suggestive of its druggable potential in curing the epithelial ovarian cancer and that upregulation of IL-36a was found to be capable of inhibiting the growth of epithelial ovarian cancer cells. PMID: 28621240
Increased Expression of Interleukin-36 is associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. PMID: 26752465
IL-36alpha acts as a pro-inflammatory cytokine at cartilage level, by increasing the expression of markers of inflammation and cartilage catabolism. PMID: 26560022
Study shows that plasma concentrations of IL-36alpha and IL-36gamma are overexpressed in active systemic lupus erythematosus patients and that IL-36alpha has a substantial pro-inflammatory effect through regulation of IL-6 and CXCL8 production. PMID: 26516833
increases maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells PMID: 25700962
IL36A-IL36R axis is modulated in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome. PMID: 25902739
IL-36alpha was highly expressed in nearly half of all colorectal cancer patients. Low expression level of IL-36alpha correlated with larger tumor size and advanced cancer stage. Low expression of IL-36alpha resulted in a poor prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. PMID: 25550854
Results show that IL-36alpha expression may play a pivotal role in determining the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PMID: 24061617
The novel cytokine interleukin-36alpha is expressed in psoriatic and rheumatoid arthritis synovium. PMID: 23268368
Expression of IL-1F6 is increased in human plaque psoriasis skin and in the lesional skin of transgenic mice compared with monotransgenic littermates. PMID: 21242515
A functional IL-6 polymorphism has been weakly associated with level of peak bone mineral density and the rate of forearm trabecular postmenopausal bone loss in a cohort of women. PMID: 12110411
Dysregulated expression in transgenic mice can promote cutaneous inflammation, revealing potential novel targets for the treatment of inflammatory skin disorders. PMID: 17908936
IL-1 epsilon, an interleukin-1 agonist, activates NF-kappa B through the orphan IL-1 receptor-related protein 2 and may constitute part of an independent signaling system present in human epithelial barriers. PMID: 11466363

FAQs

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.