Recombinant Human Interleukin-16 Proein (IL16), Active

Name: Recombinant Human Interleukin-16 Proein (IL16), Active
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-05406P
Availability: InStock

Collections: Cytokines, Cytokines and growth factors, Interleukins and receptors, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Interleukin-16 Proein (IL16), Active is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE and HPLC.
Endotoxin	Less than 1.0 EU/μg as determined by LAL method.
Activity	Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The ED50 as determined by a cell proliferation assay using murine D10S cells is less than 1.0 pg/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of >1.0x10 9 IU/mg.
Uniprotkb	Q14005
Target Symbol	IL16
Synonyms	HGNC:5980; HsT19289; IL-16; IL16; IL16_HUMAN; Interleukin 16 precursor; Interleukin-16; LCF; Lymphocyte chemoattractant factor; Neuronal interleukin 16; NIL16; prIL 16; PrIL16 ; Prointerleukin 16
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	Tag-Free
Complete Sequence	SAASASAASD VSVESTAEAT VCTVTLEKMS AGLGFSLEGG KGSLHGDKPL TINRIFKGAA SEQSETVQPG DEILQLGGTA MQGLTRFEAW NIIKALPDGP VTIVIRRKSL QSKETTAAGD S
Expression Range	1212-1332aa
Protein Length	Full Length of Mature Protein
Mol. Weight	12.4 kDa
Research Area	Immunology
Form	Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered PBS, pH 7.4
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Interleukin-16 stimulates a migratory response in CD4+ lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils. Primes CD4+ T-cells for IL-2 and IL-15 responsiveness. Also induces T-lymphocyte expression of interleukin 2 receptor. Ligand for CD4.; may act as a scaffolding protein that anchors ion channels in the membrane.; Isoform 3 is involved in cell cycle progression in T-cells. Appears to be involved in transcriptional regulation of SKP2 and is probably part of a transcriptional repression complex on the core promoter of the SKP2 gene. May act as a scaffold for GABPB1 (the DNA-binding subunit the GABP transcription factor complex) and HDAC3 thus maintaining transcriptional repression and blocking cell cycle progression in resting T-cells.
Subcellular Location	[Interleukin-16]: Secreted.; [Isoform 1]: Cytoplasm.; [Isoform 3]: Cytoplasm. Nucleus.
Database References	HGNC: 5980 OMIM: 603035 KEGG: hsa:3603 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000302935 UniGene: Hs.459095
Tissue Specificity	[Isoform 3]: Expressed in hemopoietic tissues, such as resting T-cells, but undetectable during active T-cell proliferation.

Gene Functions References

rs11556218 is associated with endometriosis in Greek women, probably by resulting in the aberrant expression of IL16 PMID: 29328375
There was a decreased frequency of IL16 rs4778889 CC genotype carriers among women with gestational diabetes mellitus, however, there was no significant difference in the distribution of alleles. PMID: 28580570
Serum IL-6, serum YKL-40, and plasma VEGF were significantly correlated with disease activity at baseline in early rheumatoid arthritis. PMID: 29336711
serum IL-16 level may not only serve as a useful diagnostic biomarker for patients with GC, but also may predict cancer recurrence and patient prognosis. PMID: 28990054
Association of interleukin 16 gene polymorphisms and plasma IL16 level with osteosarcoma risk. PMID: 27703190
Results suggest that IL16 genotype predict higher risk of death and progression, respectively, in NSCLC patients PMID: 28807247
rs11556218 T/G genotype associated with increased risk for development of osteoporosis in Chinese postmenopausal women PMID: 27984748
Data indicate an association between interleukin-16 (IL-16) rs4072111 and rs1131445 with progression to the severe stages (III-IV) of endometriosis. PMID: 27484651
Long-term exposure to tobacco smoke does not markedly alter extracellular concentrations of IL-16 protein in blood. However, it does decrease the intracellular IL-16 concentrations in blood NK cells. PMID: 27695312
data revealed an association between circulating IL-16 and severity of psoriasis which indicates that this cytokine could serve as a potential marker of disease activity. However, further investigations are required PMID: 27788245
Structure of a Potential Therapeutic Antibody Bound to Interleukin-16 PMID: 27231345
No significant differences were observed in rs11556218 genotype frequencies between the study groups. In conclusion, the results of our study reveal an association between the IL-16 rs4778889 polymorphism and heightened risk of renal cell cancer . PMID: 27323152
We found that the rs1131445 T/C and rs4072111 T/C variants of IL-16 were significantly associated with increased risk of gastric cancer in Iranian population. PMID: 26346169
the results of our study suggested an association between the IL-16 rs4778889 polymorphism and an elevated risk of renal cell carcinoma PMID: 26823871
We observed highly significant reductions in the concentration of circulating interleukin (IL)-16, IL-7, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGF-A) in encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome patients. PMID: 26615570
IL-16 rs1131445 C/T polymorphism is related to the susceptibility to cancer in Asians (meta-analysis) PMID: 26842762
The IL16 rs4072111 polymorphism may be associated with susceptibility to AD and the T allele may have a protective role in the progression of AD in an Iranian population. PMID: 26386715
intrathyroidal production of IL-14 and IL-16 associated with the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease PMID: 25940130
the lack of a relationship between genotype and serum levels of IL-16 seems to suggest a more complex regulation of this cytokine at the post-translational level and/or the interplay with other cytokines. PMID: 26154181
The results suggested that the variants in IL-16 gene rs11556218 site were associated with a decreased knee osteoarthritis risk after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and smoking and drinking status. PMID: 25954818
Data suggest that thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and interleukin-16 (IL-16), expressed at early stages of disease, function to recruit malignant T cells to the skin. PMID: 24794807
The production of IL-16 contributed to lung damage as neutralization of IL-16 enhanced S. aureus clearance and resulted in diminished lung pathology in S. aureus pneumonia. PMID: 24736233
The findings suggest that the IL-16 rs 11556218 polymorphism may be used as a susceptibility marker for glioma. PMID: 25166752
IL-16 rs11556218 T/G was associated with a significant increased risk of cancer. PMID: 24969906
The rs11556218 T/G polymorphism of the IL-16 gene was significantly associated with elevated cancer risk in Asian populations. [meta-analysis] PMID: 24328527
IL16 polymorphisms may play a role in the pathophysiology of alopecia areata or in the expression of phenotypes in Koreans. PMID: 24320753
IL-16 rs4778889 T/C polymorphism is not associated with cancer. PMID: 24568499
The IL-16 SNP rs8028364 was found to be associated with Graves' disease(GD) when compared with the control subjects. PMID: 24694201
An association between decreased plasma IL-16 and emphysema susceptibility. PMID: 24138069
Rs4778889 CC and rs11556218 GG genotype was significantly associated with 1.97 and 1.84-fold increased risk of non-cardia gastric cancer. PMID: 24175812
the IL-16 polymorphism may be related to the etiology of ischemic stroke in the Chinese population PMID: 24288444
This study showed that tissue expression and serum levels of IL-16 increase in association with malignant ovarian tumor development and progression. PMID: 24380743
IL-16 plays an important role in the proliferation and apoptosis of MT-4 cells PMID: 24200060
Interleukin-16 promotes cardiac fibrosis and myocardial stiffening in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. PMID: 23894370
The IL-16 SNPs rs8034928 and rs11556218 are associated with the coronary artery disease risk in the Chinese population. PMID: 23881440
It is feasible to predict preterm birth by measuring the amniotic fluid levels of IL-16 especially for the pregnant women requiring genetic amniocentesis during early second trimester. PMID: 23020666
Authors identified three independent loci within IL16 that were associated with prostate cancer risk. SNP expression quantitative trait loci analyses revealed that rs7175701 is predicted to influence the expression of IL16 and other cancer-related genes. PMID: 22923025
study identified IL-16 as a critical tristetraprolin-regulated chemotactic factor that contributes to monocytes/macrophages migration PMID: 23241166
a significant relationship exists between the miRNA-binding site polymorphism of the IL-16 gene and colorectal cancer risk in the Iranian population PMID: 22939228
IL-16 was strongly overexpressed in the bone marrow of myeloma patients compared with healthy donors. IL-16 is an important growth-promoting factor in multiple myeloma. PMID: 22745469
IL-16 rs11556218 G/T polymorphism is significantly associated with the risk of coronary artery disease in the Chinese Han population. PMID: 21703255
Data show that IL16 single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma. PMID: 22019522
Serum IL-16 levels of atopic dermatitis patients correlate to some extent with sensitization. PMID: 21447961
Our results demonstrate that loss of intracellular IL-16 in peripheral blood T cells corresponds to lymphoma stage in Sezary Syndrome patients and orrelates with loss of surface CD26. PMID: 20878214
TcdA and TcdB downregulate IL-16 gene expression via inhibition of Rho GTPases.(TcdA and TcdB from C. difficile strain VPI 10463) PMID: 21267712
The TG/GG genotypes of rs11556218 T/G were associated with a significantly increased risk of coronary artery disease as compared with the TT genotype. PMID: 21214401
Ability of IL-16 homolog from leech Hirudo medicinalis to recruit microglial cells to sites of nervous system injury suggests its in the crosstalk between neurons and microglia in the leech central nervous system repair. PMID: 20578037
Tobacco smoke depletes preformed intracellular IL-16 protein, inhibits its de novo synthesis, and distorts key cellular functions in human CD8(+) cells. PMID: 21036918
the rs4778889 T/C polymorphism of the IL-16 gene may be associated with risk of endometriosis PMID: 20662556
IL-16 -295 T>C polymorphism is significantly associated with a higher risk of developing RCC in Chinese population. PMID: 20529140

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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