Recombinant Human Interleukin-36 Gamma (IL36G), Active

Name: Recombinant Human Interleukin-36 Gamma (IL36G), Active
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-05378P
Availability: InStock

Collections: Cytokines, Cytokines and growth factors, Interleukins and receptors, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Interleukin-36 Gamma (IL36G), Active is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE and HPLC.
Endotoxin	Less than 1.0 EU/μg as determined by LAL method.
Activity	Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The ED50 as determined by its ability to induce IL-8 secretion by human preadipocytes is less than 10 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of >1x10 5 IU/mg.
Uniprotkb	Q9NZH8
Target Symbol	IL36G
Synonyms	IL 1 epsilon; IL 1 related protein 2; IL 1(EPSILON); IL 1F9; IL 1H1; IL 1RP2; IL-1 epsilon; IL-1-related protein 2; IL-1F9; IL-1H1; IL-1RP2; IL1E; Il1f9; IL1F9_HUMAN; IL1H1; IL1RP2; IL36 gamma; IL36G; Interleukin 1 epsilon; Interleukin 1 family member 9; Interleukin 1 homolog 1; Interleukin 1 related protein 2; Interleukin 36 gamma; Interleukin-1 epsilon; Interleukin-1 family member 9; Interleukin-1 homolog 1
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	Tag-Free
Complete Sequence	SMCKPITGTI NDLNQQVWTL QGQNLVAVPR SDSVTPVTVA VITCKYPEAL EQGRGDPIYL GIQNPEMCLY CEKVGEQPTL QLKEQKIMDL YGQPEPVKPF LFYRAKTGRT STLESVAFPD WFIASSKRDQ PIILTSELGK SYNTAFELNI ND
Expression Range	18-169aa
Protein Length	Full Length of Mature Protein
Mol. Weight	17.0 kDa
Research Area	Immunology
Form	Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered PBS, pH 7.4
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Cytokine that binds to and signals through the IL1RL2/IL-36R receptor which in turn activates NF-kappa-B and MAPK signaling pathways in target cells. Part of the IL-36 signaling system that is thought to be present in epithelial barriers and to take part in local inflammatory response; similar to the IL-1 system with which it shares the coreceptor IL1RAP. Seems to be involved in skin inflammatory response by acting on keratinocytes, dendritic cells and indirectly on T-cells to drive tissue infiltration, cell maturation and cell proliferation. In cultured keratinocytes induces the expression of macrophage, T-cell, and neutrophil chemokines, such as CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL2, CCL17, CCL22, CL20, CCL5, CCL2, CCL17, CCL22, CXCL8, CCL20 and CXCL1; also stimulates its own expression and that of the prototypic cutaneous proinflammatory parameters TNF-alpha, S100A7/psoriasin and inducible NOS. May play a role in proinflammatory responses during particular neutrophilic airway inflammation: activates mitogen-activated protein kinases and NF-kappa B in primary lung fibroblasts, and stimulates the expression of IL-8 and CXCL3 and Th17 chemokine CCL20 in lung fibroblasts. May be involved in the innate immune response to fungal pathogens, such as Aspergillus fumigatus.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm. Secreted.
Protein Families	IL-1 family
Database References	HGNC: 15741 OMIM: 605542 KEGG: hsa:56300 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000259205 UniGene: Hs.211238
Tissue Specificity	Highly expressed in tissues containing epithelial cells: skin, lung, stomach and esophagus. Expressed in bronchial epithelial. In skin is expressed only in keratinocytes but not in fibroblasts, endothelial cells or melanocytes. Up-regulated in lesional ps

Gene Functions References

serum IL-36gamma levels were higher in active systemic lupus erythematosus patients and correlated with disease activity and arthritis PMID: 29571080
Cathepsin S was identified as the major IL-36gamma-activating protease expressed in epithelial cells. PMID: 28289191
enhanced expression of IL-36gamma was observed in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome because of bacterial pneumonia PMID: 28176791
IL-36-mediated IL-6 and CXCL8 production in human lung fibroblasts and bronchial epithelial cells may be involved in pulmonary inflammation especially caused by bacterial or viral infections. PMID: 28869889
With a focus on the skin as a target for microbial and viral invasion, the current knowledge of IL-36: IL-36alpha, IL-36beta and IL-36gamma, functions is reviewed. One physiological function of the IL-36smay be to counteract microbial immune evasion. [Review] PMID: 28811383
IL-36gamma inhibits differentiation and induces inflammation of keratinocyte via Wnt signaling pathway in psoriasis. PMID: 28924372
IL-36gamma-stimulated endothelial cells secrete the proinflammatory chemokines IL-8, CCL2 and CCL20. PMID: 27673278
skin injury increases IL-36gamma via the activation of TLR3-SLUG-VDR axis and IL-36gamma induces REG3A to promote wound healing PMID: 28774595
Autocrine and Paracrine Regulation of Keratinocyte Proliferation through a Novel Nrf2-IL-36gamma Pathway PMID: 27183581
Here the authors show that Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of macrophages induces IL-36gamma production in a 2-stage-regulated fashion. PMID: 27389350
IL-36gamma, a member of the IL-1 superfamily, is involved in host defense and contributes to proinflammatory responses and development of inflammatory diseases. PMID: 27853811
IL-36gamma is significantly more strongly expressed in the epidermis of patients with psoriasis-based erythroderma than in other inflammatory skin diseases. PMID: 26524325
Study shows that plasma concentrations of IL-36alpha and IL-36gamma are overexpressed in active systemic lupus erythematosus patients and that IL-36alpha has a substantial pro-inflammatory effect through regulation of IL-6 and CXCL8 production. PMID: 26516833
IRF6 is likely to promote inflammation to P. gingivalis through its regulation of IL-36gamma. PMID: 26819203
Findings indicate that Interleukin (IL)-1beta-induced interleukin 36 gamma (IL-36gamma) expression is mediated by the activation of transcriptional factors, NF-kappaB p65 and AP-1 (c-jun). PMID: 26562662
IL36G was identified as strong regulators of skin pathology in both lesional and non-lesional skin samples. PMID: 25897967
Decreased Langerhans cell responses to IL36G: altered innate immunity in patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis PMID: 24950037
IL-36gamma expression inversely correlated with the progression of human melanoma and lung cancer. PMID: 26321222
IL-36gamma is a valuable biomarker in psoriasis patients, both for diagnostic purposes and measurement of disease activity during the clinical course PMID: 25525775
CAMP induces IL-36gamma expression leading to initiation of skin inflammation and occasional exacerbations of psoriasis. PMID: 25305315
IL-36 promotes myeloid cell infiltration, activation, and inflammatory activity in skin PMID: 24829417
This is the first report of extracellular release of endogenous IL-36gamma through pyroptosis suggesting a function of IL-36gamma as an alarmin. PMID: 22318382
Data presented herein shed further light on involvement of T-bet in innate immunity and suggest that IL-36gamma, besides IFNgamma, may contribute to functions of this transcription factor in immunopathology. PMID: 23095752
Interleukin-36 (IL-36) ligands require processing for full agonist (IL-36alpha, IL-36beta, and IL-36gamma) or antagonist (IL-36Ra) activity PMID: 21965679
Regulation and function of the IL-1 family cytokine IL-1F9 in human bronchial epithelial cells. PMID: 20870894
Expression of IL-1F9 is increased in human plaque psoriasis skin and is overexpressed in a transgenic mouse psoriasis model. PMID: 21242515
IL-1F6 and IL-1F8, in addition to IL-1F9, activate the pathway leading to NF-kappaB in an IL-1Rrp2-dependent manner in Jurkat cells PMID: 14734551
This is the first report of IL-1 genotype association with the inflammation of skeletal muscle following acute resistance exercise that may potentially affect the adaptations to chronic resistance exercise. PMID: 15331687
This report demonstrates expression of IL1F9 by bronchial epithelial cells induced by pro-inflammatory stimuli, suggesting a function of this molecule in airway inflammation. PMID: 15701729

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.