Recombinant Mouse CCL3 Protein (N-6His)

Name: Recombinant Mouse CCL3 Protein (N-6His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-1099NP
Availability: InStock

BL-1099NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: Chemokines and receptors, Cytokines, Cytokines and growth factors, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Mouse C-C Motif Chemokine 3 is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Ala24-Ala92 is expressed with a 6His tag at the N-terminus.
Accession	P10855
Synonym	C-C motif chemokine 3;Heparin-binding chemotaxis protein; Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha;MIP1-a; chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3; LD78a; LD78 alpha; MIP-1 alpha;Scya3
Gene Background	C-C Motif Chemokine 3 (MIP-1 alpha,CCL3 ) is a member of the beta or CC subfamily of chemokines and is closely related to CCL4/MIP-1 beta. CCL3 expression can be induced in a variety of hematopoietic cells, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and epithelial cells. Mature mouse CCL3 shares 73%, 91%, and 82% amino acid sequence identity with human, rat, and cotton rat CCL3, respectively. CCL3 exerts its biological functions through interactions with CCR1, CCR3, and CCR5. It is cleared from the extracellular space by internalization via the decoy chemokine receptor D6. CCL3 promotes the chemoattraction, adhesion to activated vascular endothelium, and cellular activation of many hematopoietic cell types including activated T cells, NK cells, neutrophils, monocytes, immature dendritic cells, and eosinophils. CCL3 is also known as stem cell inhibitor (SCI) and can inhibit the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. CCL3 bioactivity contributes to tumor metastasis and the inflammatory components of viral infection, rheumatoid arthritis, and hepatitis, although it also can suppress the replication of HIV.
Molecular Mass	10.8 KDa
Apmol Mass	15 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM Tris-HCl, 150mM NaCl, 5%Trehalose, 1mM EDTA, pH 8.0.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting.It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml.Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water.Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt.Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days.Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature.Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Monokine with inflammatory, pyrogenic and chemokinetic properties. Has a potent chemotactic activity for eosinophils. Binding to a high-affinity receptor activates calcium release in neutrophils.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	Intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family
Database References	KEGG: mmu:20302 STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000001008 UniGene: Mm.1282
Tissue Specificity	Expressed in lung, spleen, and pancreas.

Gene Functions References

During early remission from methamphetamine (MA), model mice exhibited increased anxiety-like behavior and reduced expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (ccl3) in the hippocampus relative to saline-treated mice. Human adults actively dependent on MA and those in early remission had elevated symptoms of anxiety as well as reductions in plasma levels of CCL3, relative to adults with no history of MA abuse. PMID: 29402784
miR-125b could play an important role in inflammatory injury of chondrogenic cells and miR-125b affected inflammatory injury of ATDC5 cells via regulating expression of MIP-1alpha and regulating NF-kappaB and JNK signaling pathways. PMID: 29550827
Leukemogenic effects of the Ptpn11E76K/+mutation in the stem-cell microenvironment is abolished in Ptpn11E76K/+Prx1-Cre+CCL3-/- mice, indicating that CCL3 is important for leukemic transformation. PMID: 28751523
Parenchymal polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cell (PMN-MDSC), have a positive correlation with IL1a, IL8, CXCL5, and Mip-1a, suggesting they may attract PMN-MDSC into the tumor PMID: 27799249
CCL3 plays a significant role in the clearance of infection and resolution of otitis media inflammation and contributes to mucosal host defense of the nasopharyngeal niche, a reservoir for middle ear and upper respiratory infections. PMID: 28847849
Cytokine array analysis demonstrated that the chemokine CCL3 was elevated in the plasma of AML mice and patients. CCL3 inhibited erythroid differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells, common myeloid progenitors and especially megakaryocytic-erythroid progenitors. PMID: 27109512
MCP chemokines are activated in peripheral tissues of breast cancer-bearing mice, by a mechanism that involves breast cancer cell-derived Ccl3. PMID: 28041977
These observations suggest that intra-BM basophil expansion can favor leukemia-tropic hematopoiesis in myeloid leukemia by providing CCL3, a potent inhibitor of normal hematopoiesis and that basophil-derived CCL3 may be a novel target molecule for the treatment of myeloid leukemia. PMID: 27006388
A marked increase of CCL3 mRNA expression was observed in inflamed paws, with CCL3 protein detected in neutrophils and macrophages by immunohistochemical experiments. PMID: 26663750
CCL2/CCL3 double-mutant animals are viable, fertile, and do not present with gross abnormalities. Cuprizone increased CCL3 expression in wild-type but not mutant mice. Cuprizone-induced demyelination, oligodendrocyte loss, and astrogliosis were significantly ameliorated in the cortex but not corpus callosum of chemokine-deficient animals. PMID: 25663168
these data suggest that the chemokine CCL3 is an hippocampal neuromodulator able to regulate synaptic plasticity mechanisms involved in learning and memory functions. PMID: 26511387
Ccl3 mRNAs increased within 5 h after injury in mouse cortical slices. PMID: 25895671
Previous exposure to noninjurious ventilation induces a state of tolerance to ventilator-induced lung injury. Down regulation of the chemokine gene Ccl3 could be the mechanism responsible for this effect. PMID: 26472813
the tissue fibrinolytic system contributes to the induction of macrophage recruitment and CCL3 at the bone injury site, thereby, leading to the enhancement of the repair process. PMID: 25893677
APOE varepsilon4 genotype specifically modulates astrocyte secretion of potent microglial chemotactic agents, including CCL3 PMID: 25092803
In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis there was a significant increase in activation of astrocytes with increased MIP-1alpha expression. PMID: 24989845
Negative modulation of PGE2 signaling reduced infection-induced anti-inflammatory cytokine polarization and enhanced inflammatory chemokines, CCL3 and CCL5. PMID: 25049356
Granzyme M regulates the release of natural killer cell MIP-1alpha to initiate innate immune responses. PMID: 24625974
CCL3-CCR5-mediated fibroblast accumulation may be required, in addition to leukocyte infiltration, to induce full-blown colitis-associated carcinogenesis. PMID: 24510316
CCL3 production by microglial cells modulates disease severity in murine models of retinal degeneration. PMID: 24639355
results define the chemokine CCL3 as a mediator of experimental liver fibrosis. Thus, therapeutic modulation of CCL3 might be a promising target for chronic liver diseases PMID: 23799074
BCR-ABL(+)lineage(-)c-kit(-) immature leukemia cells produced high levels of an inflammatory chemokine, MIP-1alpha/CCL3, which promoted the development of chronic myeloid leukemia. PMID: 24166712
The CCR5/MIP-1alpha axis may contribute to migration of infected cells to the brain and consequently affect the pathogenesis during Rocio virus infection. PMID: 24080631
Data indicate that Bifidobacterium infantis feeding to Salmonella-infected mice significantly reduced Peyer's patch MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta secretion. PMID: 23648818
IFN-gamma and NOS2 repress CCL3 and CCL4 in vivo upon S. typhimurium infection of mice also repress CCL3 and CCL4 during S. typhimurium infection in bone marrow-derived macrophages. PMID: 23431040
Under conditions of acute inflammation leukocyte-derived CCL3 can induce neutrophil chemotaxis toward the atherosclerotic plaque, thereby accelerating lesion formation. PMID: 23288165
findings show that CCR1 is pivotal for bone remodeling induced by mechanical loading during orthodontic tooth movement and these actions depend, at least in part, on CCL3 PMID: 23059626
Hyperocclusion induced compensatory CCL3 expression; promoted osteoclastogenesis to counterbalance deficient CCL2/CCR2 signaling. co-expression of CCL3 with CCL2 may precipitate synergistic, MS-dependent alveolar destruction during occlusal traumatism. PMID: 23143790
The kinetics and extent of microglia and astrocyte activation during early and late cuprizone-induced demyelination in the white matter tract corpus callosum and the telencephalic gray matter were related to the expression of the Ccl2 and Ccl3. PMID: 22528463
Expression of ALDH1A2, BEX2, EGR2, CCL3 and PLAU are upregulated in Toxoplasma gondii susceptible C57BL/6 mice. PMID: 22451728
role for CCL3 in lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic mice following hematopoietic reconstitution. PMID: 22359597
In a murine carotid aneurysm model of vascular inflammatory repair, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1-mediated tissue in-growth occurs via a MIP-1alpha- and MIP-2-regulated pathway. PMID: 22007074
our data indicate that the interaction between TTP and CCL3 mRNA plays an important role in modulating localized inflammatory processes in tissues that are dissociated from the systemic manifestations of chronic inflammation. PMID: 21784977
The selective interaction of CCL3 with its receptor, CCR1, is critical for radiation-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis, and these conditions can be largely prevented by a small molecule inhibitor of CCR1 PMID: 20870892
Absence of TLR3 in skin-injured mice leads to defective recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages, in association with decreased expression of the chemokines MIP-2/CXCL2, MIP-1alpha/CCL3, and MCP-1/CCL2 in the wound. PMID: 21317384
MIP-1alpha and interferon-gamma production by CD1d-restricted natural killer (NK)T cells contributes to immune complex-induced acute lung injury. PMID: 21191075
Maternal cells can migrate through the blood-placenta barrier even in the absence of fetal CCL3 in mice. PMID: 20567093
This work demonstrates that the development of F. hepatica is not affected by the absence of CCL3. PMID: 20643506
These results suggest that peripheral nerve injury elicits the up-regulation of spinal MIP-1alpha and CCR1 to participate in neuropathic pain. PMID: 20692319
results suggest a close association between the MIP-1alpha response and the Th1-type T-cell responses in chlamydial lung infections PMID: 20622889
Results show that CCL3 regulates the balance of T cell populations in the lung and can alter the outcome of RSV infection. PMID: 20195359
In conclusion, we propose a novel critical molecule MIP-1alpha derived from macrophages and Schwann cells that appears to play a crucial role in the development of neuropathic pain induced by PSL. PMID: 20223588
OGT could be a co-regulatory subunit shared by functionally distinct complexes supporting epigenetic regulation of MIP-1alpha gene promoter. PMID: 20206135
Studies demonstrate that CCL3 plays a major role in mediating GVHD, but not graft-versus-leukemia. PMID: 20100934
CCL3 is a potent downstream effector of tumor necrosis factor-mediated inflammation in vitro and in vivo. PMID: 20164426
we identified a novel role for neutrophil-secreted CCL3 in the first wave of dendritic cells recruitment to the site of infection with L. major PMID: 20140197
Data verified that the expression of CCR5 and its ligands, CCL3, CCL4 and CCL5, were increased in the thymus with age. PMID: 20046229
MIP-1a is the key substrate in the lung for matrix metalloproteinase-8 during lipopolysaccharide-mediated acute lung injury in mice. PMID: 20042585
GA exhibits antiinflammatory effects through inhibition of MIP-1alpha in a mouse model of acute P. acnes-induced inflammatory liver injury. PMID: 19897483
MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, RANTES, and ATAC/lymphotactin function together with IFN-gamma as type 1 cytokines. PMID: 11972057

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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