Recombinant Mouse IL-18 Protein (N-6His)

Name: Recombinant Mouse IL-18 Protein (N-6His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-0982NP
Availability: InStock

BL-0982NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: Cytokines, Cytokines and growth factors, Interleukins and receptors, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Mouse Interleukin-18 is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Asn36-Ser192 is expressed with a 6His tag at the N-terminus.
Accession	P70380
Synonym	Interleukin-18; Il18; Interferon gamma-inducing factor; IFN-gamma-inducing factor; Interleukin-1 gamma; IL-1 gamma; Igif
Gene Background	Interleukin-18 (IL-18）is a protein which belongs to the IL-1 family. It is expressed as a 24 kDa precursor by endothelial and epithelial cells, keratinocytes, gamma δ T cells, and phagocytes. Mature mouse IL-18 shares 63% and 91% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-18, respectively. IL-18 binds to the widely expressed IL-18 R alpha which recruits IL-18 R beta to form the signaling receptor complex. Its bioactivity is negatively regulated by interactions with IL-18 binding proteins and virally encoded IL-18BP homologs. It augments natural killer cell activity in spleen cells and stimulates interferon gamma production in T-helper type I cells. In the presence of IL-12 or IL-15, IL-18 enhances anti-viral Th1 immune responses by inducing IFN-gamma production and the cytolytic activity of CD8+ T cells and NK cells. In the absence of IL-12 or IL-15, however, IL-18 promotes production of the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 by CD4+ T cells and basophils.
Molecular Mass	19.7 KDa
Apmol Mass	20 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM Tris-HCl, 10% Sucrose, 3% Glycine, 100mM NaCl, 0.1mM EDTA, 0.05% Tween 80, pH 8.0.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting.It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml.Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water.Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt.Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days.Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature.Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	A proinflammatory cytokine primarily involved in polarized T-helper 1 (Th1) cell and natural killer (NK) cell immune responses. Upon binding to IL18R1 and IL18RAP, forms a signaling ternary complex which activates NF-kappa-B, triggering synthesis of inflammatory mediators. Synergizes with IL12/interleukin-12 to induce IFNG synthesis from T-helper 1 (Th1) cells and natural killer (NK) cells.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm. Secreted.
Protein Families	IL-1 family
Database References	KEGG: mmu:16173 STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000137193 UniGene: Mm.1410

Gene Functions References

This study identifies a role for IL18 in suppressing aberrant neuronal transmission in AD. PMID: 30127003
Chimeric antigen receptor T cells releasing IL-18 convert to T-Bet(high) FoxO1(low) effectors that exhibit augmented activity against advanced solid tumors. PMID: 29241547
The data suggest that inflammasome signaling is largely protective during murine coronavirus infection, in large part due to the pro-inflammatory effects of IL-18. PMID: 28895072
downstream mediator of IL18 receptor activation, phospho-NF-kB, was increased in basolateral amygdala neurons expressing IL18 receptors PMID: 27590137
This study provides the first evidence of the ability of IL-18 to induce B-type natriuretic peptide synthesis in vitro and outlines the relationship between the two molecules in acute HF patients with an ongoing inflammatory status. PMID: 24585936
Interleukin-18 plays a role in advancing sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction through inhibition of PP2A activity. PMID: 28526544
These observations suggest that IL-18 exerts direct effects upon the GnRH neuron via IL-18Ralpha and acts on GnRH neurons through an autocrine or paracrine pathway. PMID: 28373090
Reduced IL-18 serum concentration in children after HUS with no difference in its urine concentration may indicate a loss of the protective effects of this cytokine on renal function due to previously occurred HUS. PMID: 27982687
In conclusion, liver X receptor activation inhibits IL-18 production through regulation of its transcription and maturation into an active pro-inflammatory cytokine. PMID: 27149934
MyD88 signaling in myeloid and dendritic cells is dispensable for IFN-gamma-dependent control of type A F. tularensis infection. PMID: 28951422
study found that IL-18 and IL-1beta are differentially regulated. Despite being constitutively expressed, IL-18 expression was increased and sustained after stimulation of TLRs. In contrast, IL-1beta was induced but not sustained after chronic treatment. PMID: 28468974
This provides new insight into the immune phenotype, mechanisms, and signaling pathways that operate in microglial neurotoxic activation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PMID: 28336525
the GLA-SE adjuvant operates through interaction with IL-18-producing SCMsmall ef, Cyrillic for the rapid induction of B cell expansion and differentiation, Ab secretion, and Th1 responses PMID: 27794001
IL-18 is essentially involved in mediating C. jejuni infection in the gnotobiotic mouse model. PMID: 27322540
These results demonstrate a central role for the AIM2 inflammasome in preventing dysbiosis and intestinal inflammation through regulation of the IL-18/IL-22BP/IL-22 and STAT3 pathway PMID: 27524110
Aldosterone induced IL-18 gene expression in renal tubular epithelial cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. PMID: 27413021
this study demonstrated the critical function of IL-18 in lipid metabolism and these findings might contribute to the progress of novel treatments for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. PMID: 27063959
Results indicated that IL-18 has roles apart from those as a proinflammatory cytokine in cardiac myocytes and suggested that IL-18 contributes to the homeostatic maintenance of mitochondrial function and gap-junction turnover in cardiac myocytes, possibly by upregulating autophagy. PMID: 27288439
IL-18-elicited NK cell perforin responses seem to be critical for coordinating mucosal inflammation during early infection PMID: 27341123
Data indicate that NLRC4 activation in Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) leads to cell expulsion and IL-18 release, and implicate Caspase-8 in NLRC4 inflammasome responses in vivo by generation of doubly deficient in Caspase-1 and Caspase-8. PMID: 28410991
this study shows that IL-18, cooperatively with IL-23, induced prominent inflammation and enhanced psoriasis-like epidermal hyperplasia PMID: 28299442
telmisartan can reduce traumatic cerebral edema by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome-regulated IL-1beta and IL-18 accumulation. PMID: 27465336
Data, including data from studies in knockout mice, suggest that TNF (tumor necrosis factor), TNFR1 (TNF receptor 1), and IL18 (interleukin 18) are involved in liver lipid metabolism. IL18 or TNFR1 knockout mice on chow show higher liver triglyceride deposition than wild-type mice fed chow; in IL18 or TNFR1 knockout mice, high-refined-carbohydrate diet does not lead to fatty liver disease as it does in wild-type mice. PMID: 27863204
GABA-B receptor antagonists reduced Il18 levels in male mice and increased Il18 levels in female mice following neonatal hypoxia ischemia. PMID: 27731803
NLRP1 is an innate immune sensor that functions in the context of metabolic stress to produce IL-18, preventing obesity and metabolic syndrome. PMID: 26603191
an important role in iNKT cell-mediated experimental eosinophilic esophagitis PMID: 25801352
IL-18 is sufficient to protect Birc3-deficient mice from sodium dodecyl sulfate-induced colitis. PMID: 26037070
IL-18 plays a facilitative role via NF-kappaB activation in pulmonary hypertension formation. PMID: 26440469
IL-18 is a key epithelial-derived cytokine that differentially regulates distinct subsets of intestinal CD4(+) T cells during both homeostatic and inflammatory conditions PMID: 25736457
Genetic ablation of IL-18 does not protect mice against maladaptive right ventricular remodeling following exposure to hypobaric hypoxia. PMID: 26747780
We conclude that in the systemic lupus erythematosus syndrom IL-18 is involved specifically in the renal pathogenesis PMID: 26465326
These results uncover the direct role of IL-18 in promoting goblet cell dysfunction during colitis, leading to breakdown of the mucosal barrier. PMID: 26638073
IL-18 is a potent stimulator of Chi3l1 and that Chi3l1 is an important mediator of IL-18-induced inflammatory, fibrotic, alveolar remodeling, and cytotoxic responses. PMID: 25955511
macrophages are not involved in IL-18-mediated susceptibility to L. amazonensis. PMID: 26009021
The published data prompt to the hypothesis that IL-18 induces a broad spectrum of COPD-like inflammatory and remodeling responses in the murine lung PMID: 25922275
Following hypoxic ischemic insult, long term creatine monohydrate supplementation up regulates the IL-6 and IL-18 concentrations triggering the neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective responses. PMID: 26639507
High and fluctuating levels of glucose may be associated with inflammation and diabetic atherosclerosis by regulating the expression levels of IL-18. PMID: 25955000
a new mechanism by which PKC-beta activation promotes EC dysfunction caused by the de-regulation of the IL-18/IL-18BP pathway, leading to increased VCAM-1 expression, monocyte/macrophage adhesion, and accelerated atherosclerotic plaque formation in diabetes PMID: 25808972
PMA treatment during a vulnerable period can alter brain development. IL-18 and IRAK-4 appear to be important for the development of PMA induced injury. PMID: 25918710
IL-18 levels modulate innate immune responses and cryptosporidiosis in mice. PMID: 25155632
these results indicate that the TLR2/NLRP3/CASP1/IL-18 axis is critical to H. pylori-specific immune regulation. PMID: 26214524
This study identifies NCC as an IL18-binding protein that collaborates with IL18r in cell signaling, inflammatory molecule expression, and experimental atherogenesis. PMID: 26099046
Neutralization of IL-18 during alveolar hypoxia improves left ventricle diastolic function and partly prevents right ventricle hypertrophy PMID: 25182570
This study reveals essential role of autophagy as a negative regulator of lung inflammation and identifies IL-18 as a critical mediator in lung injury due to autophagy deficiency. PMID: 25888640
IL-18, but not IL-1beta has a role in aberrant actin depolymerization that triggers the pyrin inflammasome and autoinflammatory disease PMID: 26008898
findings show how TLR2 deficiency accelerates IL18-mediated immunosuppression during liver carcinogenesis PMID: 25600646
Nlrp3 inflammasome is essential for resistance against P. brasiliensis because it orchestrates robust caspase-1 activation and triggers an IL-18-dependent proinflammatory response. PMID: 25825440
IL-18 can positively impact bone marrow lymphopoiesis and T cell development, presumably via interaction with the c-Kit and IL-7 signaling axis. PMID: 25780034
Alprostadil treatment can protect renal function by reducing proteinuria. These effects are mediated, at least in part, through down-regulation of Ang-2 and IL-18 expression PMID: 25200363
IL-18 was required for the expression of IL-22 in innate lymphoid cells upon Toxoplasma gondii infection. PMID: 25680273

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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