Recombinant Mouse Microtubule-Associated Protein Tau (MAPT) Protein (His), Active

Name: Recombinant Mouse Microtubule-Associated Protein Tau (MAPT) Protein (His), Active
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-05768P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Activity Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Mouse Mapt at 2 μg/ml can bind anti-MAPT recombinant antibody ,the EC 50 is 436.1-518.6 ng/mL. Biological Activity Assay

Collections: Antibody / cell therapy targets, Antibody therapeutic / adc target proteins, Other recombinant proteins, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Mouse Microtubule-Associated Protein Tau (MAPT) Protein (His), Active is produced by our Mammalian cell expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Endotoxin	Less than 1.0 EU/ug as determined by LAL method.
Activity	Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Mouse Mapt at 2 μg/mL can bind anti-MAPT recombinant antibody ,the EC 50 is 436.1-518.6 ng/mL.
Uniprotkb	P10637
Target Symbol	MAPT
Synonyms	(Neurofibrillary tangle protein) (Paired helical filament-tau) (PHF-tau)
Species	Mus musculus (Mouse)
Expression System	Mammalian cell
Tag	N-10His
Target Protein Sequence	ADPRQEFDTMEDHAGDYTLLQDQEGDMDHGLKESPPQPPADDGAEEPGSETSDAKSTPTAEDVTAPLVDERAPDKQAAAQPHTEIPEGITAEEAGIGDTPNQEDQAAGHVTQGRREGQAPDLGTSDWTRQQVSSMSGAPLLPQGLREATCQPSGTRPEDIEKSHPASELLRRGPPQKEGWGQDRLGSEEEVDEDLTVDESSQDSPPSQASLTPGRAAPQAGSGSVCGETASVPGLPTEGSVPLPADFFSKVSAETQASQPEGPGTGPMEEGHEAAPEFTFHVEIKASTPKEQDLEGATVVGVPGEEQKAQTQGPSVGKGTKEASLQEPPGKQPAAGLPGRPVSRVPQLKARVASKDRTGNDEKKAKTSTPSCAKAPSHRPCLSPTRPTLGSSDPLIKPSSPAVSPEPATSPKHVSSVTPRNGSPGTKQMKLKGADGKTGAKIATPRGAASPAQKGTSNATRIPAKTTPSPKTPPGSGEPPKSGERSGYSSPGSPGTPGSRSRTPSLPTPPTREPKKVAVVRTPPKSPSASKSRLQTAPVPMPDLKNVRSKIGSTENLKHQPGGGKVQIINKKLDLSNVQSKCGSKDNIKHVPGGGSVQIVYKPVDLSKVTSKCGSLGNIHHKPGGGQVEVKSEKLDFKDRVQSKIGSLDNITHVPGGGNKKIETHKLTFRENAKAKTDHGAEIVYKSPVVSGDTSPRHLSNVSSTGSIDMVDSPQLATLADEVSASLAKQGL
Expression Range	2-733aa
Protein Length	Full Length of Mature Protein
Mol. Weight	78.9 kDa
Form	Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered 20 mM Tris-HCl, 0.5 M NaCl, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Promotes microtubule assembly and stability, and might be involved in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. The C-terminus binds axonal microtubules while the N-terminus binds neural plasma membrane components, suggesting that tau functions as a linker protein between both. Axonal polarity is predetermined by tau localization (in the neuronal cell) in the domain of the cell body defined by the centrosome. The short isoforms allow plasticity of the cytoskeleton whereas the longer isoforms may preferentially play a role in its stabilization.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm, cytosol. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cell projection, axon. Cell projection, dendrite. Secreted.
Database References	KEGG: mmu:17762 STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000097919 UniGene: Mm.1287
Associated Diseases	May be involved in the pathogenesis of cytoplasmic inclusions (as Mallory bodies) in livers of mice chronically intoxicated with Griseofulvin or DDC (3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-2,4-dihydrocollidine), a model for human alcoholic hepatitis. Alteration of Tau (abnormal phosphorylation and cross-linking) could contribute to Mallory bodies formation and disturbance of microtubule function in alcoholic liver disease.
Tissue Specificity	Expressed in neurons and at a lower level in the liver and kidney. Isoform PNS-tau is expressed in the peripheral nervous system while the others are expressed in the central nervous system.

Gene Functions References

that tau modulates motility in a motor-specific manner to direct intracellular transport PMID: 29077261
the AD-like tau accumulation induces anxiety through disrupting miR92a-vGAT-GABA signaling, which reveals molecular mechanisms underlying the anxiety behavior in AD patients and potentially leads to the development of new therapeutics for tauopathies. PMID: 28129110
These results show for the first time that the phosphorylation and isoform alteration of tau are regulated differently during mouse development. PMID: 29196605
In adult and aged tau(+/+), tau(+/-), tau(-/-) mice tau deficiency could not induce significant motor disorders. However, found lower expression levels of transcription factors Orthodenticle homeobox 2 (OTX2) of midbrain dopaminergic neurons in older aged mice. Results suggested that tau deficiency alone might not be enough to mimic the pathology of Parkinson's disease. PMID: 29337233
Tau deletion increased ATP production and improved the recognition memory and attentive capacity of juvenile mice. PMID: 30077079
MAPT variant interaction with mutant amyloid protein precursor causes frontotemporal dementia. PMID: 29729423
These results establish that in addition to the neuritic plaque, a second determinant is required to drive the conversion of wild-type tau. PMID: 27373369
miR-322 promotes Tau phosphorylation via negatively controlling BDNF-TrkB receptor activation PMID: 29464486
High tau expression is associated with blood vessel abnormalities and angiogenesis in Alzheimer's disease. PMID: 29358399
Disinhibiation of Gas6 binding to Tyro3 due to PGRN reduction results in activation of PKCalpha via PLCgamma, inducing tau phosphorylation at Ser203, mislocalization of tau to dendritic spines, and spine loss. PMID: 29382817
frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 tau with a mutation in the C-terminal region had different banding patterns, indicating a different phosphorylation pattern. PMID: 27641626
For the three conditions, FRAP analysis revealed a similar mobility in dendrites compared with axons; however, Tau-mEOS2 was less mobile than hWT-Tau and hP301L-Tau and the mobile fraction was smaller, possibly reflecting less efficient microtubule binding of Tau when over-expressed. Together, our study presents Tau-mEOS2 mice as a novel tool for the study of Tau in a physiological and a pathological context. PMID: 27378256
Chronic Dyrk1 inhibition reversed cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice via reduction of APP and phosphorylated tau pathology. PMID: 28779511
Results suggest the importance of the autophagosome for the low-frequency stimulation-induced oligomerization of tau and suggest a reason for its age dependency. Interestingly, the lysosomal disturbance promoted the formation of the fibrillar form of aggregates consisting of hyper-phosphorylated tau. PMID: 28874186
deletion or inhibition of the cytoplasmic shuttling factor HDAC6 suppressed neuritic tau bead formation in neurons. PMID: 28854366
The present findings support the idea that the progressive accumulation of phospho-tau is associated with structural alterations of the GA, and that these changes may occur in the absence of Abeta pathology. PMID: 28922155
MicroRNA-146a suppresses ROCK1 allowing hyperphosphorylation of tau in Alzheimer's disease. PMID: 27221467
results demonstrate that ApoE affects tau pathogenesis, neuroinflammation, and tau-mediated neurodegeneration independently of amyloid-beta pathology; ApoE4 exerts a 'toxic' gain of function whereas the absence of ApoE is protective PMID: 28959956
Study demonstrated that, in ob/ob mice, type 2 diabetes leads to a progressive tau hyperphosphorylation due to hypothermia, which is reversed by normothermia but not by acute leptin injections or 15 weeks caffeine treatment. PMID: 27793638
study reports that tau is present in the heart and loss of tau in the heart causes elevated blood pressure and altered cardiac performance in aged mice. PMID: 28059795
These data are consistent with other observations that the rapidly depositing Tg4510 mouse is a challenging model in which to demonstrate efficacy of tau-lowering treatments compared to some other preclinical models of tau deposition/overexpression. PMID: 28655349
Data show that tau promotes excitotoxicity by a post-synaptic mechanism. PMID: 28883427
Tau as an essential mediator of the adverse effects of stress on brain structure and function. PMID: 27274066
Study demonstrated that phosphorylated-tau spreads gradually and selectively from the injured cortex to other brain regions after traumatic brain injury and that all of the affected regions are part of the working memory circuit. PMID: 28163095
Study demonstrates a mechanistic link between brain Abeta deposition and CSF tau, and thus, CSF tau may present an important readout of Abeta deposition in mouse models and likely in Alzheimer's disease. PMID: 27750032
Tau efflux from the brain to the blood was evaluated by administering radioactively labeled and unlabeled tau intracerebroventricularly in wild-type and tau knock-out mice, respectively. The efflux of Tau, including a fraction via CNS-derived L1CAM exosomes, was observed in mice. Tau is readily transported from the brain to the blood. PMID: 27234211
Somatodendritic accumulation of Tau in Alzheimer's disease is promoted by Fyn-mediated local protein translation. PMID: 28864542
Intermittent hypoxia treatment (IHT)-induced cognitive impairment may be partially explained by the fact that IHT increases phosphorylated tau via biological processes common to aging. PMID: 28057021
Pin1 serves as a positive regulatory molecule of proplatelet formation of megakaryocytes by enhancing the function of phosphorylated tau. PMID: 28943044
PGRN decrease, resulting from pathogenic mutations, might compromise the trophism of cortical neurons by affecting GluN2B-contaning NMDA receptors PMID: 28899992
These data provide evidence that amyloid beta acts to enhance tau pathology by increasing the formation of tau species capable of seeding new aggregates. PMID: 28500862
These results suggest that tau haploinsufficiency, without the compensation effect of MAP1A, induces reduction of Otx2 expression, increases prenatal cell death, and accordingly leads to selective loss of VTA DA neurons in the early postnatal stage. PMID: 28424350
High-glucose induces tau hyperphosphorylation through activation of TLR9-P38 MAPK pathway. PMID: 28803064
these results uncover a novel role for mDia1 in Abeta-mediated synaptotoxicity and demonstrate that inhibition of MT dynamics and accumulation of PTMs are driving factors for the induction of tau-mediated neuronal damage. PMID: 28877993
The authors show here that miR-132 loss exacerbates both amyloid and TAU pathology via inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase B (ITPKB) upregulation in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. PMID: 27485122
TIA1 knockdown or knockout inhibits tau misfolding and associated toxicity in cultured hippocampal neurons, while overexpressing TIA1 induces tau misfolding and stimulates neurodegeneration. PMID: 27160897
Data suggest that a switch in post-translational processing of Tau from acetylation at Lys321 to phosphorylation at Ser324 coordinately regulates Tau aggregation and may be relevant in tauopathy and Alzheimer disease; acetylation/phosphorylation of Tau appears to be controlled by Hdac6 (histone deacetylase 6 protein). PMID: 28760828
ROS produced by 1,2-diacetylbenzene causes tau hyperphosphorylation via GSK-3beta phosphorylation and it might be related to impaired memory deficit. PMID: 28734998
tau overexpression mediates the excitatory toxicity induced by E-NMDAR activation through inhibiting ERK phosphorylation. PMID: 27809304
Data suggest that a presumed diffusion barrier within axon initial segment (AIS) regulates wild-type Tau sorting: retrograde (axon-to-soma) and anterograde (soma-to-axon) sorting of Tau. Tau isoforms without N-terminal inserts are sorted efficiently into axons; a longer isoform (2N4R-Tau) is partially retained in cell bodies/dendrites and accelerates spine/dendrite growth. PMID: 28536263
This study establishes a mouse model of sporadic tauopathies and points to important differences between tau fibrils that are generated artificially and authentic ones that develop in Alzheimer's disease brains. PMID: 27810929
tau diffusion on microtubules enables to keep microtubules evenly distributed in axonal sections at low tau levels. PMID: 27076215
Upregulating HSF1 relieves the tau toxicity in N2a-TauRD DeltaK280 by reducing CHOP and increasing HSP70 a5 (BiP/GRP78). Our work reveals how the bidirectional crosstalk between the two stress response systems promotes early tau pathology and identifies HSF1 being one likely key player in both systems. PMID: 28678786
our findings suggest that tau is a common downstream factor in both amyloid-dependent and-independent pathogenic mechanisms and therefore could be a more effective drug target for therapeutic intervention in AD. PMID: 27459671
Study focused functional consequences of human tau accumulation: aging htau mice (deficient of murine tau but express all six human tau isoforms) compared with murine tau knock-out and C57Bl/6J mice; reduced food-burrowing performance was the most robust aspect of the htau phenotype with aging, htau phenotype appeared stronger than the mtau(-/-) phenotype at young ages but milder with aging. PMID: 27167086
Results may provide support for the hypothesis that enhanced expression of tau following lipopolysaccharide administration is a protective measure by hippocampal neurons to compensate for the loss of the microtubule-stabilizing protein due to phosphorylation. More importantly, our results support the hypothesis that blocking the production of Abeta that follows inflammation also leads to reduced tau phosphorylation PMID: 27320209
Study identified microtubule-associated protein tau as a highly sensitive constituent of the cytoskeleton in the presence of experimental stroke, thus providing novel evidence for a pivotal role of cytoskeletal elements under ischemic conditions PMID: 27189884
These findings suggest that TDP-43 promotes tau exon 10 inclusion and 4R-tau expression and that disease-related changes of TDP-43, truncations and mutations, affect its function in tau exon 10 splicing, possibly because of TDP-43 mislocalization to the cytoplasm. PMID: 28487370
Thus, these data demonstrate that Tau(-/-) mice show impairments in the maturation of newborn granule neurons under basal conditions and that they are insensitive to the modulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis exerted by both stimulatory and detrimental stimuli. PMID: 27198172
this work provides insights into postsynaptic processes in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and challenges a purely pathogenic role of tau phosphorylation in neuronal toxicity. PMID: 27856911

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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