Recombinant Rat Apolipoprotein E (APOE) Protein (His)

Name: Recombinant Rat Apolipoprotein E (APOE) Protein (His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-00546P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: Cytokines, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Rat Apolipoprotein E (APOE) Protein (His) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P02650
Target Symbol	APOE
Synonyms	(Apo-E)
Species	Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His
Target Protein Sequence	EGELEVTDQLPGQSDQPWEQALNRFWDYLRWVQTLSDQVQEELQSSQVTQELTVLMEDTMTEVKAYKKELEEQLGPVAEETRARLAKEVQAAQARLGADMEDLRNRLGQYRNEVNTMLGQSTEELRSRLSTHLRKMRKRLMRDADDLQKRLAVYKAGAQEGAERGVSAIRERLGPLVEQGRQRTANLGAGAAQPLRDRAQALSDRIRGRLEEVGNQARDRLEEVREQMEEVRSKMEEQTQQIRLQAEIFQARIKGWFEPLVEDMQRQWANLMEKIQASVATNSIASTTVPLENQ
Expression Range	19-312aa
Protein Length	Full Length of Mature Protein
Mol. Weight	39.8 kDa
Research Area	Others
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	APOE is an apolipoprotein, a protein associating with lipid particles, that mainly functions in lipoprotein-mediated lipid transport between organs via the plasma and interstitial fluids. APOE is a core component of plasma lipoproteins and is involved in their production, conversion and clearance. Apoliproteins are amphipathic molecules that interact both with lipids of the lipoprotein particle core and the aqueous environment of the plasma. As such, APOE associates with chylomicrons, chylomicron remnants, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL) but shows a preferential binding to high-density lipoproteins (HDL). It also binds a wide range of cellular receptors including the LDL receptor/LDLR and the very low-density lipoprotein receptor/VLDLR that mediate the cellular uptake of the APOE-containing lipoprotein particles. Finally, APOE has also a heparin-binding activity and binds heparan-sulfate proteoglycans on the surface of cells, a property that supports the capture and the receptor-mediated uptake of APOE-containing lipoproteins by cells.
Subcellular Location	Secreted. Secreted, extracellular space. Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix.
Protein Families	Apolipoprotein A1/A4/E family
Database References	KEGG: rno:25728 STRING: 10116.ENSRNOP00000050968 UniGene: Rn.32351

Gene Functions References

Infusion of AngII did not lead to the formation of dissecting abdominal aortic aneurysms or atherosclerosis in ApoE-knockout rats. PMID: 29166645
Results demonstrated that apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4)exerted direct neurotoxicity and enhanced the neurotoxicity of Abeta1-40 on spatial cognitive function and hippocampal long term potentiation. This may partly elucidate the mechanism by which APOE4 allele exerted negative effects as a major genetic risk factor for developing Alzheimer's disease. PMID: 28356228
renal denervation improves aortic distensibility and attenuated endothelial dysfunction in ApoE(-/-)-rats. PMID: 27277003
The expression of ApoE and S-100 correlated with the progression of focal cerebral contusion. PMID: 26782580
Apolipoprotein E-deficient rats develop atherosclerotic plaques in partially ligated carotid arteries. PMID: 26545012
rats treated with KD (EXP2) showed a significant down-regulated expression of ZnT-3, MT-3, ApoE, clusterin, and ACAT-1 in hippocampus PMID: 25778834
Findings suggest that endogenous apoE generates lower density HDL to produce more lipidated HDL using previously synthesized cholesterol through the interaction with ABCA1 in caveolin-1-rich domain of astrocytes PMID: 24814386
Although rat apolipoprotein E sequence resembles apoE4, an isoform of apoE3, rat apoE displays the biophysical behavior of apoE3. PMID: 23103361
A potential neuroprotective role of apolipoprotein E-containing lipoproteins through low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 in normal tension glaucoma PMID: 22674573
Lower expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 is associated with the increased expression of apoE in the glomerulus PMID: 22207560
ApoE-containing astrocyte lipoproteins exhibit the most robust interactions with Abeta. PMID: 22138302
Apolipoproteins E3 exerts neurotrophic and synaptogenic effects in dorsal root ganglion cell cultures. PMID: 19414061
LpE and LRP1 promote axonal extension, and suggest that lipids exported to LpE by ABCG1 are important for the enhancement of axonal extension mediated by LpE. PMID: 21040802
ApoE may play a role in lipid rafts or synaptic structural plasticity by the regulation of its levels via dendritic localization and translation. PMID: 20456011
These observations suggest that ApoE, expressed by activated retinal glia, stimulates RGC neurite outgrowth after intravitreal Zymosan injection. PMID: 19382209
Although ApoE increases arterial wall accumulation of triglyceride-rich particles(TGRPs), it also reduces the penetration of TGRPs into the arterial wall--a novel antiatherogenic property. PMID: 12482838
ApoE mRNA was expressed in astrocytes and macrophages, but not in neurons after focal cerebral ischemia PMID: 12870266
Spatiotemporal changes of apolipoprotein E immunoreactivity and apolipoprotein E mRNA expression after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rat brain. PMID: 12898539
The Apolipoprotein (apo) E is a protein involved in both lipid metabolism and neuroprotection and its expression system will be highly useful for probing the ability of rat apoE to mediate food intake in rats. PMID: 15866734
Data indicate that the role of apoE4 in cholesterol homeostasis and apolipoprotein cell association is more pronounced in hippocampal neurons. PMID: 16376010
Our studies suggest that AEC I is not just a simple barrier for gas exchange, but a functional cell that protects alveolar epithelium from injury. PMID: 16497717
24(S)-hydroxycholesterol induces apoE-mediated efflux of cholesterol in astrocytes via an LXR-controlled pathway PMID: 16524875
ApoE expression is not altered during normal brain aging, but there may be a relationship between ApoE and IL-1beta transcription in the cerebral cortex PMID: 16802110
LRP binds and endocytoses Abeta42 both directly and via apoE but endocytosed Abeta42 is not completely degraded and accumulates in intraneuronal lysosomes PMID: 17012232
A naturally processed C-terminal ApoE peptide, Ep1.B, has anti-atherogenic activity indicating a role for this naturally metabolized peptide in vascular wound healing and lipid homeostasis PMID: 17126342
treatment of primary rat mixed glial cell cultures with IL-1beta induced a significant increase in extracellular apoE protein; treatment of primary astrocyte and mixed glial cell cultures with TNF-alpha significantly reduced extracellular apoE PMID: 18288929
mRNA expression of ApoE in arterial walls was not different between the controls and cerebral aneurysms. PMID: 18360691
Data demonstrate that apoE suppresses food intake via a mechanism enhancing melanocortin signaling in the hypothalamus. PMID: 18559657
The finding that hypothalamic apoE and food intake are positively associated during the normal circadian cycle as well as in the period of restricted feeding suggests that hypothalamic apoE is food-entrained and regulates food intake. PMID: 19362542
Protection of neurons from apoptosis by apolipoprotein E-containing lipoproteins does not require lipoprotein uptake and involves activation of phospholipase Cgamma1 and inhibition of calcineurin. PMID: 19717566

FAQs

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.