Recombinant Human Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Protein 4 (CTLA4) Protein (hFc), Active

Name: Recombinant Human Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Protein 4 (CTLA4) Protein (hFc), Active
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-05588P
Price: 349.0 USD
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Activity Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized CD152 at 2 μg/ml can bind Anti-CD152 rabbit monoclonal antibody, the EC 50 of human CD152 protein is 27.14-34.82 ng/ml. Biological Activity Assay

The purity of CTLA4 was greater than 90% as determined by SEC-HPLC.

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Size

100ug

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Protein 4 (CTLA4) Protein (hFc), Active is produced by our Mammalian cell expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE and HPLC.
Endotoxin	Less than 1.0 EU/ug as determined by LAL method.
Activity	Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized CD152 at 2 μg/ml can bind Anti-CD152 rabbit monoclonal antibody, the EC 50 of human CD152 protein is 27.14-34.82 ng/ml.
Uniprotkb	P16410
Target Symbol	CTLA4
Synonyms	CTLA4; CD152; Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4; Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4; CTLA-4; CD antigen CD152
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	Mammalian cell
Tag	C-hFc
Target Protein Sequence	AMHVAQPAVVLASSRGIASFVCEYASPGKATEVRVTVLRQADSQVTEVCAATYMMGNELTFLDDSICTGTSSGNQVNLTIQGLRAMDTGLYICKVELMYPPPYYLGIGNGTQIYVIDPEPCPDSDF
Expression Range	37-162aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	42.5 kDa
Research Area	Cancer
Form	Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Inhibitory receptor acting as a major negative regulator of T-cell responses. The affinity of CTLA4 for its natural B7 family ligands, CD80 and CD86, is considerably stronger than the affinity of their cognate stimulatory coreceptor CD28.
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Note=Exists primarily an intracellular antigen whose surface expression is tightly regulated by restricted trafficking to the cell surface and rapid internalization.
Database References	HGNC: 2505 OMIM: 109100 KEGG: hsa:1493 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000303939 UniGene: Hs.247824
Associated Diseases	Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); Diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent, 12 (IDDM12); Celiac disease 3 (CELIAC3); Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome 5 (ALPS5)
Tissue Specificity	Widely expressed with highest levels in lymphoid tissues. Detected in activated T-cells where expression levels are 30- to 50-fold less than CD28, the stimulatory coreceptor, on the cell surface following activation.

Gene Functions References

PTPN22 and CTLA-4 polymorphisms are associated with Autoimmune polyglandular syndromes and differentiate between polyglandular and monoglandular autoimmunity. PMID: 29409002
CTLA4 expression levels was found significantly lower in the alopecia areata patients in Iranian cohort; no association between CTLA4 genetic polymorphism and susceptibility to alopecia areata PMID: 29979892
The CTLA-4 gene +49 A/G polymorphism and the NOD2/CARD15 gene N852S polymorphism were not associated with CD or UC in a Turkish population PMID: 30213296
The CTLA4 gene is suggested to correlate with immune thrombocytopenia through its abnormal expression level instead of gene site mutation. PMID: 30319055
Paget disease is characterized by an intense lymphocytic response, devoid of the immune-suppressive impact of the PD-L1 pathway, but with occasional CTLA-4 expression PMID: 29943071
Depending on the environmental conditions, Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells express different isoforms of CTLA-4 with the secreted isoform (sCTLA-4) being the most abundant under hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, the immunosuppressive function of Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells is mediated mainly by the secretion of CTLA-4. PMID: 30087255
Increased frequency and CTLA-4-expression of Varicella Zoster Virus-specific T cells from cerebrospinal fluid or blood are specifically found in patients with Varicella Zoster Virus-related Central Nervous System-infection. PMID: 28845512
Rs56102377 in the 3'-UTR of CTLA4 may act as a protective factor by disrupting the regulatory role of miR-105 in CTLA4 expression. PMID: 30355938
The present work showed in West Algerian population that the HLA-B27 antigen and the variation in the CTLA4 3'UTR region played an important role in the ankylosing spondylitis susceptibility. The heterogeneity of this disease is deduced by genetic difference found between B27+ and B27- groups. PMID: 29675891
High CTLA4 expression is associated with Melanoma. PMID: 29150430
CTLA4 protein had significantly higher serum level in recurrent spontaneous abortion patients than in healthy controls. In recurrent spontaneous abortion patients, AA genotype carriers had higher CTLA4 serum level than that GG genotype carriers. Minor alleles of CTLA4 polymorphisms might inhibit the recurrent spontaneous abortion susceptibility via upregulated the protein expression level. PMID: 30334961
The results in our meta-analysis indicated that CTLA4 +49A/GG allele/AA genotype was associated with the risk of colorectal cancer in the Asian population and overall populations PMID: 29970719
The CTLA4 -318/C/T SNP was associated with an increased risk to develop IgAN, while the CT60 G/A genotype significantly associated with the risk for higher proteinuria PMID: 29539619
This review summarizes the current literature relevant to T cell exhaustion in patients with Hepatitis B virus (HBV)related chronic hepatitis, and discusses the roles of CTLA4 in T cell exhaustion. [review] PMID: 29786112
Study provides evidence that CTLA4 +49 A/G (Thr/Ala) polymorphism was strongly associated with T1diabetes in south India. PMID: 29603038
gene polymorphism is associated with psoriasis in Turkish population PMID: 29850619
The mRNA expression of FAS was lower in patients with TP53 mutation than TP53 wild-type. Our findings suggest that TP53 mutation is a potential negative predictor of metastatic melanoma treated with CTLA-4 blockade. PMID: 29793878
TSA results indicated that CTLA-4 +49A/G should be considered as a biomarker for HT, whereas both the CT60 and -318C/T SNPs warrant confirmation by further studies PMID: 29461867
susceptibility to RSA was subject to the synthetic regulation of chromosomal aberrations and genetic mutations within CLTA-4 and Foxp3, suggesting that the conduction of karyotype analysis and genetic detection for RSA patients could effectively guide effective RSA counseling and sound child rearing. PMID: 29476189
CTLA4 missense variant significantly associates with inhibitor development in Argentine patients with severe haemophilia A PMID: 28220572
Study suggests that miR-487a-3p might repress CTLA4 and FOXO3 by binding to their 3'UTRs and contribute to the development of T1D. PMID: 29859273
the expression of mCTLA-4 in skin lesion inversely correlated with the severity of psoriasis and CTLA-4 might play a critical role in the disease severity of psoriasis. PMID: 29305257
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for CTLA4 deficiency with pathogenic mutations resulting in complex immune dysregulation syndromes. PMID: 27102614
Our results suggest that CTLA-4 may be involved in lipid metabolism and affect Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)disease progression and/or the development of diabetic complications although this gene does not represent a major risk factor for T2DM. PMID: 29511375
rs231775, rs4553808 and rs5742909 but not rs3087243 and rs733618 were significantly related to cancer risk. In analyses stratified by ethnicity, both rs231775 and rs4553808 were significant susceptibility polymorphisms in an Asian population but not in a Caucasian population. PMID: 29794444
Paper analyses results of serum cytokines and lymphocyte apoptosis study in nodular goiter against the background of autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid adenoma based on the cell preparedness to apoptosis, the number of apoptotic lymphocytes and the content of proapoptotic tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukins in serum, considering the polymorphism of BCL-2, CTLA-4 and APO-1 genes. PMID: 29250672
-318C/T polymorphism of CTLA-4 gene might play a significant role in the development of SLE in the Iranian patients. PMID: 24400885
the immune response to specific miHA mismatches is modulated by the CTLA-4 genotype of the donor PMID: 28827064
It was concluded that the abnormal expression of endometrial E2A existed in mid-secretory endometrium of women with recurrent miscarriage, and there was a positive correlation between E2A and FOXP3, and E2A and CTLA-4, suggesting the possible regulatory role of E2A in endometrium receptivity. PMID: 29270752
This study shows a significant overexpression of CTLA-4 in >50% of breast carcinomas with no such overexpression of CTLA-4 in benign breast tissues. PDL-1 staining is seen in only a small number of invasive ductal carcinomas (4.1%). PMID: 29672601
CTLA4 gene is suggested to correlated with polycyctic ovary syndrome, and influence polycycstic ovary syndrome through regulating obesity and the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance in a novel way. PMID: 30024513
We describe three cases of patients with mRCC treated with anti-PD-1 antibody therapy in combination with targeted therapy (bevacizumab), anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 therapy (ipilimumab), or radiotherapy. PMID: 29146617
The CTLA-4c.49A>G and CTLA-4g.319C>T single nucleotide polymorphisms might be considered as low risk susceptibility locus for prostate cancer PMID: 28101800
anti-CTLA4/anti-PD-1/PD-L1 combinations versus anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy was selected as a factor independent of TMB for predicting better RR (77% vs. 21%; P = 0.004) and PFS (P = 0.024). Higher TMB predicts favorable outcome to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade across diverse tumors. PMID: 28835386
Polymorphisms at IL10 (-1082 G>A), IL4 (-589 C>T), CTLA4 (+49A>G), and DAO (+8956 C>G) genes were studied in 55 cases. PMID: 28750137
this study showed that CTLA-4 + 49A/G polymorphism was not correlated with greater genetic risk for leprosy. However, GG genotype was associated with older age, older age of onset and over-representation in male in an Iranian Azeri population. PMID: 29104093
Our meta-analysis suggested that the +49 A/G polymorphism in CTLA4 might be a risk factor for asthma susceptibility, especially in Asian individuals, children, and patients with atopy PMID: 29995780
Genetic polymorphisms of CTLA-4 gene on the nucleotide 49 at codon 17 of exon 1, TSHR gene SNP rs2268458 of intron 1, number of regulatory T cells and TRAb levels play a role as risk factors for relapse in patients with Graves' disease. PMID: 29093229
These results demonstrate that POSTN promotes the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and that CTLA4 enhances the ectopic osteogenesis of MSCs-CTLA4-based tissue-engineered bone. PMID: 28687929
the polymorphism -318C/T of CTLA-4 gene is associated with RBC alloimmunization among sickle cell disease patients. This highlights the role played by CTLA-4 on post-transfusion alloantibody development PMID: 28815969
Meta-analysis found that CTLA4 -318C/T gene polymorphism is not associated with the risk of acute rejection in renal transplantation in overall populations. PMID: 28449371
Our goal was to stimulate antitumor immunity by combining SS1P or LMB-100 with anti-CTLA-4. We constructed a BALB/c breast cancer cell line expressing human mesothelin (66C14-M), which was implanted in one or two locations. SS1P or LMB-100 was injected directly into established tumors and anti-CTLA-4 administered i.p. In mice with two tumors, one tumor was injected with immunotoxin and the other was not. PMID: 28674083
Taken together, we found that Id3+ and CTLA-4+ endometrial cells were significantly higher in women with repeated implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage, suggesting the negative roles of these angiogenesis and immune tolerance markers involving in regulating endometrium receptivity. PMID: 28224680
study indicated that the polymorphisms of rs231775 and rs231725 would be the risk factors of Primary Biliary Cholangitis [meta-analysis] PMID: 28642883
Suggest that genetic polymorphisms of CTLA-4 function as sex-dependent risk factors for development of acute rejection in an Iranian kidney transplant population. PMID: 28031007
A phase Ib study of dasatinib plus ipilimumab in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and other sarcomas was performed on the basis of preclinical data demonstrating that combined KIT and CTLA-4 blockade is synergistic. PMID: 28007774
The data we presented here showed that CTLA-4 was highly expressed in regulatory T cells and PD-1 decreased in CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood of SCLC patients, suggesting their unique mechanisms involved in immune regulation. PMID: 29167005
Significant differences in the CpG-methylation patterns between tumor tissues and matched controls were observed for CTLA4 showing a decreased methylation of this gene in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Expression studies confirmed that hypomethylation also resulted in increased expression of CTLA4. PMID: 28503213
The polymorphisms +49 G/A, -1661 A/G and -318 C/T may elevate the susceptibility to BC, but the polymorphism CT60 G/A may offer protection against the cancer. PMID: 28416762
In children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS), serum CTLA-4 concentration significantly increased at remission compared with onset. Furthermore, a positive significant correlation was observed between Treg number and serum CTLA-4 level. This suggests that Treg and CTLA-4 are involved in the induction of remission in INS. PMID: 28544686

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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