Recombinant Human ER alpha Protein (N-6His)

Name: Recombinant Human ER alpha Protein (N-6His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-0808NP
Availability: InStock

BL-0808NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: Other recombinant proteins, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Estrogen Receptor Alpha is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Met1-Gln116 is expressed with a 6His tag at the N-terminus.
Accession	P03372
Synonym	Estrogen Receptor; ER; ER-Alpha; Estradiol Receptor; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 3 Group A Member 1; ESR1; ESR; NR3A1; Estrogen Receptor Alpha; ER alpha; estrogen receptor alpha
Gene Background	Estrogen Receptor is a major ligand-activated transcription factor belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Estrogen Receptor is composed of several domains important for hormone binding, DNA binding, and activation of transcription. The protein localizes to the nucleus where it may form a homodimer or a heterodimer with estrogen receptor 2. Estrogen and its receptors are essential for sexual development and reproductive function, but they also play a role in other tissues such as bone. Estrogen receptors are also involved in pathological processes including breast cancer, endometrial cancer, and osteoporosis. Alternative splicing results in several transcript variants, which differ in their 5' UTRs and use different promoters.
Molecular Mass	14.38 KDa
Apmol Mass	14 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM Tris-HCl, 150mM NaCl, 1mM EDTA, pH 7.4.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening. Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Ligand-dependent nuclear transactivation involves either direct homodimer binding to a palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) sequence or association with other DNA-binding transcription factors, such as AP-1/c-Jun, c-Fos, ATF-2, Sp1 and Sp3, to mediate ERE-independent signaling. Ligand binding induces a conformational change allowing subsequent or combinatorial association with multiprotein coactivator complexes through LXXLL motifs of their respective components. Mutual transrepression occurs between the estrogen receptor (ER) and NF-kappa-B in a cell-type specific manner. Decreases NF-kappa-B DNA-binding activity and inhibits NF-kappa-B-mediated transcription from the IL6 promoter and displace RELA/p65 and associated coregulators from the promoter. Recruited to the NF-kappa-B response element of the CCL2 and IL8 promoters and can displace CREBBP. Present with NF-kappa-B components RELA/p65 and NFKB1/p50 on ERE sequences. Can also act synergistically with NF-kappa-B to activate transcription involving respective recruitment adjacent response elements; the function involves CREBBP. Can activate the transcriptional activity of TFF1. Also mediates membrane-initiated estrogen signaling involving various kinase cascades. Essential for MTA1-mediated transcriptional regulation of BRCA1 and BCAS3.; Involved in activation of NOS3 and endothelial nitric oxide production. Isoforms lacking one or several functional domains are thought to modulate transcriptional activity by competitive ligand or DNA binding and/or heterodimerization with the full-length receptor. Binds to ERE and inhibits isoform 1.
Subcellular Location	[Isoform 1]: Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side.; Nucleus. Golgi apparatus. Cell membrane. Note=Colocalizes with ZDHHC7 and ZDHHC21 in the Golgi apparatus where most probably palmitoylation occurs. Associated with the plasma membrane when palmitoylated.
Protein Families	Nuclear hormone receptor family, NR3 subfamily
Database References	HGNC: 3467 OMIM: 133430 KEGG: hsa:2099 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000206249 UniGene: Hs.208124
Associated Diseases	Estrogen resistance (ESTRR)
Tissue Specificity	Widely expressed. Not expressed in the pituitary gland.; [Isoform 3]: Widely expressed, however not expressed in the pituitary gland.

Gene Functions References

Estrogen-induced miR-191 was identified as a direct upstream regulator of DAB2 in ER-positive breast cancer cells. PMID: 29247596
the whole-genome insights carried in this work can help fully understanding biological roles of ER1 in breast cancer. PMID: 30301189
there was a relationship between rs2046210 and rs3803662, and the risk of developing this disease in Vietnamese women. The A allele is the risk allele for both rs2046210 (OR [95% CI] = 1.43 [1.14 - 1.78], P = 0.0015) and rs3803662 (OR [95% CI] = 1.45 [1.16 - 1.83], P = 0.001). We conclude that two polymorphisms, rs2046210 in ESR1 and rs3803662 in TNRC9, are associated with breast cancer risk in the Vietnamese population. PMID: 30078824
that Oestrogen receptor alpha can enhance the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla via ERK and JNK MAPK pathways PMID: 30069950
No association between polymorphisms in genes encoding estrogen receptors (ESR1 and ESR2) and excreted BPA levels was found in orthodontic patients after bracket bonding. PMID: 29961922
Analysis of the genome-wide ER binding sites identified mutant ER unique recruitment mediating the allele-specific transcriptional program PMID: 29438694
study describes RNF8 as a co-activator of ERalpha increases ERalpha stability via post-transcriptional pathway, and provides a new insight into mechanisms for RNF8 to promote cell growth of ERalpha-positive breast cancer. PMID: 28216286
Reduced expression of ERbeta1 in female ERalpha-negative papillary thyroid carcinoma patients is associated with greater progression of the disease. PMID: 29655286
heterogeneous distribution in deep infiltrating endometriosis PMID: 29383962
ER-alpha36/EGFR signaling loop promotes growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells PMID: 29481815
This study aimed to determine the presence and localization of oestrogen receptors (ERs), progesterone receptors (PRs), and androgen receptors (ARs) in both healthy and varicose vein wall cells and their relationship with gender. PMID: 30250632
Estrogen receptor-alpha was expressed only in women and showed a positive correlation with the amount of fungi in oral paracoccidioidomycosis, while progesterone receptor was observed in both genders and exhibited no correlation with estrogen receptor-alpha or fungi counting. PMID: 29796757
ERalpha upregulates vinculin expression in breast cancer cells; Loss of vinculin promotes amoeboid features of cancer cells PMID: 28266545
polymorphisms do not predict in vitro fertilization outcome PMID: 29916276
High ESR1 expression is associated with metastasis in breast Cancer. PMID: 29187405
The G/G XbaI genotype of ESR1 gene is associated with breast cancer risk. PMID: 29893332
miR-221 may impair the protective effect of estrogen in degenerated cartilaginous endplate cells through targeting estrogen receptor alpha PMID: 29529124
Results showed that NAT1 and ESR1 expression were increased in primary breast tumor samples compared with normal breast tissue samples, and in ER+ primary breast tumors compared with ER- tumors. Also, NAT1 and ESR1 expression seems to have overlapping regulation. PMID: 29901116
all the patients without these mutations by molecular barcode next-generation sequencing (MB-NGS) were found to have no mutations by ddPCR. In conclusion, MB-NGS could successfully detect ESR1 mutations in cfDNA with a higher sensitivity of 0.1% than conventional NGS and was considered as clinically useful as ddPCR PMID: 28905136
In summary, an association between the presence of the particular genotypes at the three ESR1 polymorphisms (rs2234693, rs6902771, rs7774230) and one ESR2 polymorphism (rs3020449), and the presence of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women was found. PMID: 30049354
higher frequency of ESR1 and PIK3CA mutations in the plasma than in the serum in 33 MBC patients; therefore, serum samples should not be considered the preferred source of cfDNA. PMID: 29689710
These results suggest that miR-125a-3p can function as a novel tumor suppressor in ER(+) breast cancer by targeting CDK3, which may be a potential therapeutic approach for TamR breast cancer therapy PMID: 28939591
A major finding of our study is that one out of five (20%) patients with breast cancer BM had a receptor discrepancy between the primary tumor and the subsequent BM, with loss of hormone receptors (ER and/or PR) expression, and gain of HER2 overexpression as the most commonly observed changes PMID: 28975433
Here the authors report a nodal role of IGF-IR in the regulation of ERalpha-positive breast cancer cell aggressiveness and the regulation of expression levels of several extracellular matrix molecules. PMID: 28079144
The associations between PvuII (T>C) and XbaI (A>G) polymorphisms of estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) gene with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or metabolic syndrome (MetS), are reported. PMID: 29883973
The ERalpha gene seems to play a key role in stress urinary incontinence in the premenopausal period. PMID: 29769420
Study reports the first discovery of naturally occurring ESR1 (Y537C) and ESR1 (Y537S) mutations in MCF7 and SUM44 ESR1-positive cell lines after acquisition of resistance to long-term-estrogen-deprivation (LTED) and subsequent resistance to fulvestrant (ICIR). Mutations were enriched with time, impacted on ESR1 binding to the genome and altered the ESR1 interactome. PMID: 29192207
Concomitant high expression of ERalpha36, GRP78 and GRP94 is associated with aggressive papillary thyroid cancer behavior and may be used as a predictor for extrathyroid extension, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. PMID: 29368272
Estrogen receptor-1 is a key regulator of HIV-1 latency that imparts gender-specific restrictions on the latent reservoir. PMID: 30061382
Down-regulation of ESR1 gene expression was enhanced by the development of the breast cancer. PMID: 29543921
The aim of the present study was to assess whether fibrosis markers, estrogen receptor (ER)alpha and the stromal derived factor (SDF)1/CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) axis are abnormally expressed in Intrauterine adhesions endometrium. PMID: 29568895
The frequency of alleles and genotypes of polymorphisms FSHR(-29G/A) and ESRI (XbaI A/G) in women with normal to poor response did not have significant correlation. PMID: 29526845
Each estrogen receptor alpha and estrogen receptor beta gene polymorphism might have different impact on postmenopausal osteoporosis risk and bone mineral density in various ethnicities. PMID: 29458346
The results suggest that minor allele A of ESR1 gene is associated with the development of arterial hypertension in men. PMID: 29658078
Study found that tamoxifen treatment induced a decrease in PRMT2 and an increase in ER-alpha36 as well as ER-alpha36-mediated non-genomic effect in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line. PMID: 29620287
ESR1 mutations are not associated with clinical resistance to fulvestrant in breast cancer patients. PMID: 27174596
verexpression of COPS5, through its isopeptidase activity, leads to ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of NCoR, a key corepressor for ERalpha and tamoxifen-mediated suppression of ERalpha target genes. PMID: 27375289
ESR alpha PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms have no association with ; systemic lupus erythematosus. The combination of the TC/AA and CC/GG genotypes were associated with SLE susceptibility. PMID: 29356461
Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression in endometrial carcinoma (EC) were significantly higher than those in the paracarcinoma tissue and control. PMID: 29081408
ESR1 promoter methylation was an independent risk factor and had a high value to predict 28-day mortality from acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure PMID: 29082740
by analyzing different estrogen receptor-alpha(ER-a)-positive and ER-a-negative breast cancer cell lines, we defined the role of CCN5 in the leptin-mediated regulation of growth and invasive capacity. PMID: 29370782
This study identified ESR1 as a direct target of miR-301a-3p. PMID: 29763890
Authors report for the first time the presence of ESR1 methylation in plasma ctDNA of patients with HGSC. The agreement between ESR1 methylation in primary tumors and paired ctDNA is statistically significant. PMID: 29807696
this study reports the development of a novel class of ERa AF2 inhibitors, which have the potential to effectively inhibit ERa activity by a unique mechanism and to circumvent the issue of mutation-driven resistance in breast cancer PMID: 29462880
the P2X7R rs3751143 and ER-alpha PvuII two-locus interaction confers a significantly high susceptibility to osteoporosis in Chinese postmenopausal women. PMID: 28884379
Alcohol consumption may have differential effects on concordant and discordant receptor subtypes of breast cancer. PMID: 29353824
ERalpha and ERbeta mRNA expression was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in tumour tissues relative to their paired normal mucosa and correlated inversely with survival outcome PMID: 29390981
High ESR1 expression is associated with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. PMID: 28124274
Oral administration of RAD140 substantially inhibited the growth of AR/ER(+) breast cancer patient-derived xenografts (PDX). Activation of AR and suppression of ER pathway, including the ESR1 gene, were seen with RAD140 treatment. PMID: 28974548
Polymorphism in the ERalpha gene is associated with an increased risk for advanced Pelvic Organ Prolapse. However, polymorphism in the LAMC1 gene does not seem to be associated with such risk. PMID: 29241914

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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