Recombinant Human PKN1 (PRK1) Protein

Name: Recombinant Human PKN1 (PRK1) Protein
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-0384SG
Availability: InStock

Collections: Other recombinant proteins, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Tag	GST
Host Species	Human
Accession	BC040061
Synonym	PRK1, DBK, PKN1, PKN, MGC46204, PAK1, PRKCL1, PKC-L1
Background	PKN1/PRK1 belongs to the protein kinase C superfamily which is activated by Rho family of small G proteins. PKN1/PRK1 is known to mediate the Rho-dependent signaling pathway and it can be activated by phospholipids and by limited proteolysis (1). PDPK1/PDK may also mediate insulin signals to the actin cytoskeleton and the proteolytic activation of this kinase by caspase-3 or related proteases during apoptosis suggest its role in signal transduction related to apoptosis. PKN1/PRK signaling stimulates AR activity in the presence of adrenal androgens and in the presence of an AR antagonist (2).
Description	Recombinant human PKN1/PRK1 (289-end) was produced by baculovirus in Sf9 insect cells, fused with a GST tag at N-terminus. This protein is purified with our unique purification methods.
Source	Sf9 insect cells
AA Sequence	289a.a.-end
Molecular Weight	~115 kDa
Purity	For specific purity information on a given lot, see related COA.
Endotoxin	< 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method
Bioactivity	Active
Formulation	Recombinant protein is supplied in 50mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 50mM NaCl, 10mM Glutathione, 0.25mM DTT, 0.1mM EDTA, 0.1mM PMSF and 25% glycerol.
Stability	The recombinant protein is stable for up to 12 months at -70°C
Usage	For Research Use Only
Storage	Recombinant Human PKN1 (PRK1) Protein should be stored should be stored at < -70°C. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Target Details

Target Function	PKC-related serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various processes such as regulation of the intermediate filaments of the actin cytoskeleton, cell migration, tumor cell invasion and transcription regulation. Part of a signaling cascade that begins with the activation of the adrenergic receptor ADRA1B and leads to the activation of MAPK14. Regulates the cytoskeletal network by phosphorylating proteins such as VIM and neurofilament proteins NEFH, NEFL and NEFM, leading to inhibit their polymerization. Phosphorylates 'Ser-575', 'Ser-637' and 'Ser-669' of MAPT/Tau, lowering its ability to bind to microtubules, resulting in disruption of tubulin assembly. Acts as a key coactivator of androgen receptor (AR)-dependent transcription, by being recruited to AR target genes and specifically mediating phosphorylation of 'Thr-11' of histone H3 (H3T11ph), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that promotes demethylation of histone H3 'Lys-9' (H3K9me) by KDM4C/JMJD2C. Phosphorylates HDAC5, HDAC7 and HDAC9, leading to impair their import in the nucleus. Phosphorylates 'Thr-38' of PPP1R14A, 'Ser-159', 'Ser-163' and 'Ser-170' of MARCKS, and GFAP. Able to phosphorylate RPS6 in vitro.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Endosome. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Cleavage furrow. Midbody.
Protein Families	Protein kinase superfamily, AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family, PKC subfamily
Database References	HGNC: 9405 OMIM: 601032 KEGG: hsa:5585 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000343325 UniGene: Hs.466044
Tissue Specificity	Found ubiquitously. Expressed in heart, brain, placenta, lung, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas. Expressed in numerous tumor cell lines, especially in breast tumor cells.

Gene Functions References

Steady-state kinetic analysis revealed that PKN1-3 follows a sequential ordered Bi-Bi kinetic mechanism, where peptide substrate binding is preceded by ATP binding. This kinetic mechanism was confirmed by additional kinetic studies for product inhibition and affinity of small molecule inhibitors. PMID: 27919031
Pkn1 is not required for tumorigenesis initiated by loss of Pten. Triple knockout of Pten, Pkn1, and Pkn2 in mouse prostate results in squamous cell carcinoma, an uncommon but therapy-resistant form of prostate cancer. PMID: 28875501
PKN1 activity was up-regulated by the active RhoA mutant (G14V) and suppressed by RhoA T19N. PKN1 siRNA interrupted the ability of RhoA to promote ESC proliferation and DNA synthesis. The effect of RhoA on ESC proliferation is mediated by activation of the PKN1-cyclin D1 pathway in vitro. PMID: 28222172
TXA2-mediated neoplastic responses in prostate adenocarcinoma PC-3 cells occur through a PRK1/PRK2-dependent mechanism. PMID: 26296974
Transcriptome and interactome analyses uncover that PRK1 regulates expression of migration-relevant genes by interacting with the scaffold protein sperm-associated antigen 9 (SPAG9/JIP4). PMID: 25504435
Data indicate that Salmonella SspH1 catalyzes the ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation of PKN1 in cells. PMID: 24248594
Protein kinase N1 inhibits Wnt/b-catenin signaling and apoptosis in melanoma cells. PMID: 24114839
Protein kinase N1 is a novel substrate of NFATc1-mediated cyclin D1-CDK6 activity and modulates vascular smooth muscle cell division and migration leading to inward blood vessel wall remodeling. PMID: 22893700
PKN isoforms are not simply redundant in supporting migration, but appear to be linked through isoform specific regulatory domain properties to selective upstream signals. It PMID: 21754995
Data show that just one contact site as being relevant for binding of RhoA and domain from PRK1, and the HR1b domain was found not to contribute to RhoA binding. PMID: 21351730
A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP)-Lbc anchors a PKN-based signaling complex involved in alpha1-adrenergic receptor-induced p38 activation. PMID: 21224381
Protein kinase C-related kinase targets nuclear localization signals in a subset of class IIa histone deacetylases. PMID: 20188095
Data show that stimulation of the RhoA effector protein kinase C-related kinase (PRK) signalling cascade results in a ligand-dependent superactivation of androgen receptors both in vivo and in vitro. PMID: 12514133
PKNalpha functions as not only an upstream activator of MLTKalpha but also a putative scaffold protein for the p38gamma MAPK signaling pathway PMID: 12761180
analysis of the interaction between the small G proteins Rac1 and RhoA and protein kinase C-related kinase 1 PMID: 14514689
Data suggest that hyaluronan-CD44 interaction with Rac1-protein kinase N gamma plays a pivotal role in phospholipase C gamma1-regulated calcium signaling and cortactin-cytoskeleton function required for keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion and differentiation. PMID: 15123640
PKN1 mediates arsenite-induced delay of the G(2)/M transition by binding to and phosphorylating Cdc25C PMID: 15791647
Data strengthen the hypothesis that Cyclin T2a plays a role in muscle differentiation, and propose PKNalpha as a novel partner of Cyclin T2a in this process. PMID: 16331689
Human pregnancy is characterized by increases in PKN1 expression in the myometrium. PMID: 17301291
Study identifies TRAF1 as a substrate of PKN1 kinase activity in vitro and in vivo, and show that this phosphorylation event is required for attenuating downstream kinase activities. PMID: 18429822
Deregulation of PKN1 may contribute to the pathogenic process in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PMID: 18519042
Protein kinase C-related kinase and ROCK are required for thrombin-induced endothelial cell permeability downstream from Galpha12/13 and Galpha11/q PMID: 18713748
PRK1 is present in various malignancies, but especially in ovarian serous carcinomas PMID: 19427017

FAQs

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.