Recombinant Human RBP4 Protein

Name: Recombinant Human RBP4 Protein
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-1809NP
Availability: InStock

BL-1809NP: Greater than 90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: Other recombinant proteins, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Retinol-Binding Protein 4 is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Glu19-Leu201 is expressed.
Accession	P02753
Synonym	Retinol-Binding Protein 4; Plasma Retinol-Binding Protein; PRBP; RBP; RBP4
Gene Background	Retinol Binding Protein 4 (RBP4) is a member of the Lipocalin family and in the blood. RBP4 is the specific vector for retinol. RBP4 is expressed and secreted by adipose tissue, and is associated with insulin resistance. RBP4 delivers retinol from the liver stores to the peripheral tissues. In plasma, the RBP-retinol complex interacts with transthyretin to prevents its loss by filtration through the kidney glomeruli. Defects in RBP4 cause retinol-binding protein deficiency and can cause night vision problems.
Molecular Mass	21.2 KDa
Apmol Mass	20 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 50mM Tris-HCl, 10mM CaCl2, 150mM NaCl, pH 7.5 .
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening. Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Retinol-binding protein that mediates retinol transport in blood plasma. Delivers retinol from the liver stores to the peripheral tissues. Transfers the bound all-trans retinol to STRA6, that then facilitates retinol transport across the cell membrane.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	Calycin superfamily, Lipocalin family
Database References	HGNC: 9922 OMIM: 180250 KEGG: hsa:5950 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000360519 UniGene: Hs.50223
Associated Diseases	Retinal dystrophy, iris coloboma, and comedogenic acne syndrome (RDCCAS); Microphthalmia, isolated, with coloboma, 10 (MCOPCB10)
Tissue Specificity	Detected in blood plasma and in urine (at protein level).

Gene Functions References

Baseline RBP4 levels and MELD scores predicted 21-day ( /=25) mortality, respectively. In critically ill patients with underlying liver disease, with a link to eGFRs, INRs and TC levels, the baseline RBP4 may serve as a marker for short-term mortality. PMID: 28588245
our study provides clinical evidence revealing that the serum concentrations of RBP4 were elevated in NAFLD patients in a Chinese population. These findings indicated that RBP4 might be a noninvasive molecular biomarker that detects the presence of NAFLD in middle-aged and elderly population. PMID: 28332619
Vitreous levels of APOA1 and RBP4 in human rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with choroidal detachment reflects the severity of disease. PMID: 29618920
The overexpression of RBP4 increased cell proliferation, whereas siRNA-mediated RBP4 knockdown significantly decreased HTR8/SVneo cell proliferation via activation of PI3K/AKT signaling. PMID: 30015949
High RBP4 expression is associated with hypertriglyceridemia. PMID: 29747616
We observed that knockdown of RBP4 can greatly suppress ovarian cancer cell migration and proliferation. PMID: 29642915
This study showed that the Levels of circulating RBP4 was significantly higher in Chronic Kidney Disease than in control. PMID: 29678848
Our results demonstrate that IR is associated with high circulating RBP4 and that suppressed RBP4 adipose tissue expression is accompanied by reduced GLUT4 expression in HD. Renal transplantation or HDF are effective in lowering serum RBP4 levels. PMID: 29333450
Data suggest that serum levels of RBP4 and LGAL3BP are up-regulated after menopause when complicated by NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease); RBP4 and LGAL3BP may serve as biomarkers of NAFLD in postmenopausal women. (RBP4 = retinol binding protein 4; LGAL3BP = galectin-3 binding protein) PMID: 29679552
Elevated levels of RBP4 were not associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke among women. PMID: 28888344
Study showed that dietary weight loss-induced changes in angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, free fatty acids and RBP4 independently contribute to weight regain prediction. PMID: 29122953
RBP4 is involved in all-trans retinoic acid-induced cleft palate. PMID: 28849085
the 1.5A resolution structures of human holo-RBP4 and of the protein saturated with palmitic and lauric acid and discuss the interaction of the fatty acids and retinol with the protein, are reported. PMID: 29414511
Circulating RBP4 levels may not be associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. PMID: 28931435
Plasma PEDF and RBP4 identified insulin resistance in subjects with no prior diagnosis of diabetes. PMID: 28648555
Serum RBP4 level was significantly higher and closely associated with blood pressure in prehypertensive Chinese. PMID: 28639612
Conclusion RBP4 may be used as a predictive factor of diabetic nephropathy patients complicated with silent cerebral infarction (SCI) and is positively correlated with cognitive dysfunction. RBP4/Lp-PLA2/Netrin-1 pathway activation may be one of the occurrence mechanisms in diabetic nephropathy complicated with SCI. PMID: 28704853
these data demonstrate a key role of STRA6 and RBP4 in the maintenance of colon cancer self-renewal and that this pathway is an important link through which consumption of HFD contributes to colon carcinogenesis. PMID: 28689994
Data suggest that, in subjects with chronic kidney disease, renal function is inversely related to serum RBP4 levels; as GFR decreases, the relationship between RBP4 and insulin resistance is attenuated. (GFR = glomerular filtration rate, a measure of kidney function) PMID: 28473187
Results identified RBP4 as a promising acute liver failure (ALF) biomarker among energy metabolism-related proteins. RBP4 values signaled liver injury at an early stage, as its decreasing level was observed before ALT elevation in the pig ALF model, and its significant decreasing level in ALF patients. PMID: 28336726
Elevated RBP4 is detectable early in pregnancy and has strong correlation with preeclampsia and premature birth. PMID: 28338737
RBP4-induced inflammation is largely mediated by TLR4. PMID: 28400700
RBP4 may be associated with higher cardiovascular risk in overweight/obese adolescent girls, but this association is mediated by abdominal obesity. PMID: 29120147
Bi-allelic mutations in RBP4 were identified (c.248+1G>A), consistent with a diagnosis of inherited vitamin A deficiency. PMID: 27892788
Childhood obesity may be associated with variations in RBP4 gene. The presence of selective SNPs in the RBP4 gene may account for metabolic complications. PMID: 26611784
Low levels of vitamin A, E and RBP4 at the time of renal cell carcinoma diagnosis are associated with a poorer prognosis after surgery. PMID: 28668878
RBP4 is some 6-fold lower when active TB patients have chronic energy deficiency (CED) than when BMI is >25 kg/m sq; however, free fatty acids were not associated with CED in active TB patients, which may be a type 2 error or represent an energy impasse where infection and the host's metabolic needs are in competition. PMID: 28625041
Data show that the tissue-specific expression pattern of human transgenic retinol binding protein 4 (hRBP4orf) was roughly the same as that of mouse Rbp4. PMID: 28134916
Elevated levels of RBP4 are associated with higher cardiovascular mortality among men with type 2 diabetes. PMID: 27609367
RBP4 and retinol levels were increased approximately twofold in patients with chronic kidney disease. PMID: 27277845
RBP4 level was associated with increased arterial stiffness in young subjects with family history of type 2 diabetes. PMID: 26868132
Retinol-binding protein 4 is able to function as biomarker to distinguish severe pre-eclampsia from normal pregnancy. More importantly, these results may shed light on the role of Retinol-binding protein 4 in the pathogenesis in pre-eclampsia. PMID: 27279411
High level of RBP4 is associated with obesity. PMID: 26794633
The positive association between circulating RBP4 and ApoB-containing lipoproteins in a steady metabolic state, as well as during a hypocaloric diet, appears to be attenuated in patients with very high serum triglycerides. PMID: 27086684
Urinary KNG1 and RBP4 clearly respond to AKI. Additionally, RBP4 could predict recovery by monitoring this protein levels over time after AKI, as RBP4 reflects patient's normalization earlier than sCr values do. PMID: 26792617
SNPsRBP4 was associated with age at onset in familial amyloid polyneuropathy. PMID: 26286643
Serum RBP4 is negatively related to estrogen in Chinese women with obesity. PMID: 26960804
Dietary vitamin A may reduce abdominal adiposity and promote visceral to subcutaneous body fat redistribution during adolescence in an RBP4-dependent manner. PMID: 26667887
The results of this meta-analysis support the hypothesis that RBP4 is a modest independent risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus (i.e., nonobese patients with gestational diabetes mellitus might express RBP4 at abnormal levels).The association between RBP4 rs3758539 polymorphism and gestational diabetes mellitus risk was not confirmed. PMID: 26975349
RBP-4 levels are higher in patients with clinical hypothyroidism and exhibit a marked decrease after normalization of thyroid function in both hyper and hypothyroid patients. We suggest that RBP-4 may play a role in the metabolic disturbances which accompany thyroid dysfunction. PMID: 26575118
Fasting concentrations of RBP-4 were negatively correlated with BMI and waist-hip ratio, whereas lipocalin-2 levels were positively associated with BMI and waist-hip ratio. PMID: 26069091
male mice are susceptible to high fat diet-induced hyperglycaemia and display higher plasma RBP4 levels, possibly due to its over-expression in visceral adipose depots PMID: 26619134
RBP4 concentrations were significantly lower in hepatitis C subjects compared to controls. PMID: 26927700
Presence of gestational diabetes mellitus risk factors does not have an impact on early second trimester RBP-4 values in pregnant subjects. PMID: 25227411
This study describe the discovery and subsequent replications of RBP4 and its combination with circulating GFAP as plasmatic biomarkers for hyperacute stroke subtype differentiation. PMID: 26526443
Gc1s/Gc1s phenotype variant of DBP and the unbound fraction of plasma RBP4 may be considered as factors related with the incidence, and possibly the risk, of IR in CHC patients. PMID: 26962819
RBP correlated with IgG4 and IgA. RBP also correlated positively with age and with influenza virus-specific antibody neutralization titres. PMID: 26425827
Genetic variants of retinol-binding protein 4 in adolescents are associated with liver function and inflammatory markers but not with obesity and insulin resistance PMID: 26440092
Baseline serum RBP4 levels were independently associated with incident diabetes in Asian Indian men with impaired glucose tolerance. PMID: 25810022
Findings suggested that Asian women with gestational diabetes mellitus had increased circulating RBP4 levels in their second/third trimester. [Meta-Analysis] PMID: 25703255

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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