Recombinant Rat S100A8 Protein (C-6His)

Name: Recombinant Rat S100A8 Protein (C-6His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-2573NP
Availability: InStock

BL-2573NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: Other recombinant proteins, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Rat S100 Calcium Binding Protein A8 is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Met1-Glu89 is expressed with a 6His tag at the C-terminus.
Accession	P50115
Synonym	Protein S100-A8; Calgranulin-A; Chemotactic cytokine CP-10; Leukocyte L1 complex light chain; Migration inhibitory factor-related protein 8; MRP-8; Pro-inflammatory S100 cytokine; S100 calcium-binding protein A8; S100a8; Caga; Mrp8
Gene Background	Protein S100-A8(Mrp8) contains 2 EF-hand domains and belongs to the S-100 family. Mrp8 binds two calcium ions per molecule with an affinity similar to that of the S-100 proteins. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. It may function in the inhibition of casein kinase and as a cytokine. Altered expression of this protein is associated with the disease cystic fibrosis.
Molecular Mass	11.3 KDa
Apmol Mass	13 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening. Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	S100A8 is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein which plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and immune response. It can induce neutrophil chemotaxis and adhesion. Predominantly found as calprotectin (S100A8/A9) which has a wide plethora of intra- and extracellular functions. The intracellular functions include: facilitating leukocyte arachidonic acid trafficking and metabolism, modulation of the tubulin-dependent cytoskeleton during migration of phagocytes and activation of the neutrophilic NADPH-oxidase. Activates NADPH-oxidase by facilitating the enzyme complex assembly at the cell membrane, transferring arachidonic acid, an essential cofactor, to the enzyme complex and S100A8 contributes to the enzyme assembly by directly binding to NCF2/P67PHOX. The extracellular functions involve proinflammatory, antimicrobial, oxidant-scavenging and apoptosis-inducing activities. Its proinflammatory activity includes recruitment of leukocytes, promotion of cytokine and chemokine production, and regulation of leukocyte adhesion and migration. Acts as an alarmin or a danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule and stimulates innate immune cells via binding to pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (AGER). Binding to TLR4 and AGER activates the MAP-kinase and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways resulting in the amplification of the proinflammatory cascade. Has antimicrobial activity towards bacteria and fungi and exerts its antimicrobial activity probably via chelation of Zn(2+) which is essential for microbial growth. Can induce cell death via autophagy and apoptosis and this occurs through the cross-talk of mitochondria and lysosomes via reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the process involves BNIP3. Can regulate neutrophil number and apoptosis by an anti-apoptotic effect; regulates cell survival via ITGAM/ITGB and TLR4 and a signaling mechanism involving MEK-ERK. Its role as an oxidant scavenger has a protective role in preventing exaggerated tissue damage by scavenging oxidants. The iNOS-S100A8/A9 transnitrosylase complex is proposed to direct selective inflammatory stimulus-dependent S-nitrosylation of multiple targets such as GAPDH, ANXA5, EZR, MSN and VIM by recognizing a [IL]-x-C-x-x-[DE] motif; S100A8 seems to contribute to S-nitrosylation site selectivity.
Subcellular Location	Secreted. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein.
Protein Families	S-100 family
Database References	KEGG: rno:116547 STRING: 10116.ENSRNOP00000015473 UniGene: Rn.31839

Gene Functions References

Establish S100A8 transgenic rats to elucidate role as a regulator in acute inflammation. PMID: 28913572
Recombinant rat r-S100A8 bound to r-CD68. The expression levels of S100A8 were significantly suppressed after the macrophages had been treated with an anti-CD68 antibody. Small interfering CD68 also significantly suppressed activation of macrophages through an autocrine pathway by r-S100A8. PMID: 27312849
results support S100A8 as a novel therapeutic target to control ASM contraction in asthma PMID: 28088518
vagus nerve electrical stimulation may produce a protective effect on septic shock in rats by decreasing the production of S100A8. PMID: 27035526
Expression of S100A8 mRNA and the corresponding protein in cultured NRVCs was similar between control cells and norepinephrine-stimulated cells, but was markedly upregulated at 12 hours after the withdrawal of NE. PMID: 25820336
Mrp8 may potentiate the perpetuation of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy by activating the NF-kappaB pathway in astrocytes. PMID: 23982744
Report role for MRP8 for exaggerated in-stent restenosis in diabetes mellitus type 2. PMID: 22381691
In vivo zinc regulates S100A8 expression and modulates the link between S100A8-RAGE interaction and downstream nuclear factor kappaBeta/COX-2 signaling PMID: 19111725
The bladder uroepithelium was a prominent cell source of S100A8-S100A9 in animals with complicated urinary tract infection, which was not detected in animals with asymptomatic urinary tract infection. PMID: 19667050

FAQs

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.