Recombinant Rat Type Ii Iodothyronine Deiodinase (DIO2) Protein (His)

Name: Recombinant Rat Type Ii Iodothyronine Deiodinase (DIO2) Protein (His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-09939P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: Other recombinant proteins, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Rat Type Ii Iodothyronine Deiodinase (DIO2) Protein (His) is produced by our Yeast expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P70551
Target Symbol	DIO2
Synonyms	Dio2; Itdi2; Txdi2Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; EC 1.21.99.4; 5DII; DIOII; Type 2 DI; Type-II 5'-deiodinase
Species	Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
Expression System	Yeast
Tag	N-6His
Target Protein Sequence	MGLLSVDLLITLQILPVFFSNCLFLALYDSVILLKHVALLLSRSKSTRGEWRRMLTSEGLRCVWNSFLLDAYKQVKLGEDAPNSSVVHVSNPEAGNNCASEKTADGAECHLLDFASAERPLVVNFGSATUPPFTRQLPAFRQLVEEFSSVADFLLVYIDEAHPSDGWAVPGDSSMSFEVKKHRNQEDRCAAAHQLLERFSLPPQCQVVADRMDNNANVAYGVAFERVCIVQRRKIAYLGGKGPFSYNLQEVRSWLEKNFSKRUILD
Expression Range	1-266aa
Protein Length	Full Length
Mol. Weight	31.8kDa
Research Area	Others
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Catalyzes the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.
Subcellular Location	Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein.
Protein Families	Iodothyronine deiodinase family
Database References	KEGG: rno:65162 UniGene: Rn.88380
Tissue Specificity	Expressed in cerebral cortex, cerebellum, pituitary gland, mostly in anterior pituitary gland, and pineal gland, as well as in brown adipose tissue (BAT).

Gene Functions References

Glucocorticoids inhibited the adrenergic stimulation of Dio2 at the transcriptional level in brown adipocytes. PMID: 26994513
This study demonstrated that reduction of the Dio2 mRNA expression in hippocampus of thyroidectomized Wistar rats. PMID: 26861177
These studies reveal that tissue-specific differences in D2 ubiquitination are an inherent property of the TRH/TSH feedback mechanism PMID: 25555216
cold exposure is accompanied by concerted changes in the metabolism of BAT and oxidative and glycolytic skeletal muscles that are paralleled by type 2 deiodinase activation PMID: 25294216
results of the present study hypothesize that progesterone withdrawal may underlie the decrement in D2 expression, with consequent reduction in the peripheral conversion of T4 into T3 leading to a hypothyroid state. PMID: 24362948
Data suggest that type 2 deiodinase is induced in inflammation of tanycytes (as in inflammation of periventricular area, arcuate nucleus, and median eminence of hypothalamus); this enzyme induction appears to involve NFkappaB signaling. PMID: 24635351
Data suggest that type 2 deiodinase induction (and kinetics of induction) in animal models of inflammation of leptomeninges, choroid plexus, and brain blood vessels is tissue specific and species specific. PMID: 24601886
In rat articular cartilage, DIO2 is specifically expressed among deiodinases and dominantly expressed the same as in brown adipose tissue. PMID: 23296253
Data indicate that low-iodine diets induces changes in deiodinase activities, especially in the thyroid, to counteract the low T(4) synthesis and secretion, contributing to maintain the local T(3) concentrations in the tissues with D2 activity. PMID: 23142811
Results indicate that, beside activation of CREB, epigenetic factors such as histone modifications also play an important role in regulating Dio2 transcription. PMID: 21704117
T3 increases the adrenergic stimulation of UCP1 and D2 expression mostly via the TRbeta1 isoform, and in brown adipocytes, D2 is protected from degradation by the action of T3 on TRbeta1. PMID: 20719854
In addition to TSH, other factors derived from the pars tuberalis may contribute to LPS-induced D2 activation in tanycytes. PMID: 20501675
Triiodothyronine is required for the stimulation of type II 5'-deiodinase mRNA in rat brown adipocytes. PMID: 11934678
induction of thyroid hormone-degrading deiodinase in cardiac hypertrophy and failure PMID: 12072417
data do not support that thyroxine-binding protein p29 has a functional relationship with D2 PMID: 12586781
D2 activity not induced by decidualization stimulus. In spontaneously cycling female rats, both D2 and D3 were observed to be 3- to 8-fold higher in proestrus, compared with diestrus. PMID: 12959985
the suprachiasmatic nuclei separately stimulates D2 activity as well as the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis PMID: 15550511
MAPK signaling is required for the adrenergic stimulation of D2 activity and mRNA PMID: 15691884
appropriate induction of Dio2 activity during negative energy balance is dependent upon both leptin and glucocorticoid signaling. PMID: 15746256
Hypoxia leads to stabilization of D2 by slowing its degradation by the proteasome pathway. PMID: 17615150
Correlation between relative mRNA levels of WSB-1 and USP-33 in numerous tissues that do not express type 2 deiodinase(D2) suggests that these ubiquitin-related enzymes share additional substrates besides D2. PMID: 17628004
Induction of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in the mediobasal hypothalamus by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. PMID: 18218695
The proteins encoded by rat and human Dio2 (deiodinase, iodothyronine, type II) genes are selenoproteins. PMID: 8755651

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.